Calcium intake by rats: influence of parathyroid  hormone, calcitonin, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D

Tordoff, Michael G.; Hughes, Rebecca L.; Pilchak, Diane M.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1998.274.1.r214

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We did not observe the decrease in the blood total Ca level in the control/PPI þ group, although plasma PTH level was increased. Tordoff et al (25) reported that although short-term Ca deprivation decreased plasma ionised Ca level and increased plasma PTH level, it did not affect plasma total Ca, which is consistent with the present study. PPI-induced hypochlorhydria increased the conversion of 25(OH)D to 1,25(OH) 2 D in the control group, which probably results from the increase in plasma PTH level (26) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A dairy product fermented by lactobacilli cancels the adverse effects of hypochlorhydria induced by a proton pump inhibitor on bone metabolism in growing rats

Takasugi¹,

Ashida²,

Maruyama³

et al. 2011

Br J Nutr

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The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of hypochlorhydria induced by proton pump inhibitor (PPI) administration and intake of a dairy product fermented by lactobacilli (DFL) on bone metabolism in growing rats. Male rats, aged 3 weeks, were divided into two groups: a control group fed a casein-based diet and a group fed a DFL-based diet. Each group was fed its respective experimental diets for 9 d. At day 5 of the feeding period, each group was divided into two subgroups: one that received a saline injection and one that received a PPI injection. Rats were subcutaneously administered saline or PPI for 5 d. Faecal Ca excretion was determined from day 6 to day 9. At the end of the experiment, plasma and femurs were collected. Administration of PPI significantly decreased bone mineral density (shown by X-ray computerised tomography) and bone strength (shown by a three-point bending test) in the control group. Plasma osteocalcin, type I collagen C-telopeptides, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone concentrations were elevated by PPI administration in the control group. Faecal Ca excretion and urinary P excretion in the control group were remarkably increased by PPI administration. On the other hand, these adverse effects of PPI were not observed in the DFL group. These results suggest that hypochlorhydria-induced bone loss may result from high bone turnover induced by secondary hyperparathyroidism due to Ca malabsorption and that DFL intake cancels these adverse effects probably via improving Ca malabsorption in growing rats.Key words: Hypochlorhydria: Fermented milk: Bone: Calcium Most physiological functions decline progressively with age. Gastric acid secretion also decreases with advancing age in humans (1) and rats (2,3) . Recently, Aoki et al. reported that chronic atrophic gastritis, a factor of hypochlorhydria, is very common among the elderly (4) .There are some studies suggesting the association between hypochlorhydria and bone loss. Many researchers have reported that gastrectomy induces bone loss in rats (5 -8) and human subjects (9 -12) . However, gastrectomy in itself has multiple risk factors other than hypochlorhydria for bone loss. For example, the production of the stomach hormone ghrelin, which is involved in bone physiology, is suppressed by gastrectomy (13) . Some studies have shown that the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI), the most potent acid-suppressing drugs, is associated with an increased risk of hip fracture (14,15) . However, there is limited research showing the effects of hypochlorhydria induced by PPI on bone metabolism in human subjects or animals.The absorbability of Ca is dependent on its solubility. The acidity in the stomach and resulting chyme increases Ca solubility (16) . Thus, hypochlorhydria is considered to have a potential adverse effect on bone metabolism via the inhibition of Ca absorption.The usefulness of cows' milk (17,18) or dairy products including cows' milk and yogurt (19) for the prevention of osteoporosis has been ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A dairy product fermented by lactobacilli cancels the adverse effects of hypochlorhydria induced by a proton pump inhibitor on bone metabolism in growing rats

Takasugi¹,

Ashida²,

Maruyama³

et al. 2011

Br J Nutr

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“…The neonatal values determined in this study were comparable to those measured not only in adult rats from different strains (1.2-1.4 mmol/l [16,26,28]; present results), but also in healthy, full-term human newborns and in adult humans (reference interval: 1.1-1.4 mmol/l [1, 18, 21]). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Blood Calcium Levels in Immature Rats: Influence of Extracellular Calcium Concentration on Myocardial Calcium Handling

et al. 2012

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Abstract:Calcium ions play an important role in several cell functions, from fertilization to cell death. from 1.2 to 2 mM, which also increased the Ca 2+ content in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), and changed the pattern of competition between the main transporters that remove Ca 2+ from the cytosol (SR Ca 2+ -ATPase and Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger). These observations stress the importance of using physiological [Ca 2+ ] o values for reliability of results. It is expected that the present calcemia data, reported for the first time in immature rats, may contribute to the refinement of in vitro experiments with neonatal rat preparations.

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“…One involves circulating PTH and 1,25(OH) 2 D concentrations: High concentrations of these hormones can induce high intracellular calcium concentrations in adipose tissue, and these, in turn, stimulate lipogenesis (i.e., obesity) (51,53,55). However, rats fed vitamin D-deficient diets have normal body weights, unless they are also calcium deficient (44), and chronic infusions of PTH or 1,25(OH) 2 D do not increase body weight (36). Moreover, here and in the study by Papakonstantinou et al (27), there was no clear relation between circulating concentrations of 1,25(OH) 2 D (or PTH in this study) and body weight of rats given diets differing in calcium content (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No effect of dietary calcium on body weight of lean and obese mice and rats

Zhang

Tordoff

2004

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Zhang, Qinmin, and Michael G. Tordoff. No effect of dietary calcium on body weight of lean and obese mice and rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 286: R669-R677, 2004. First published December 18, 2003 10.1152/ajpregu.00655.2003.-Recent epidemiological and animal studies have led to the hypothesis that low dietary calcium intakes contribute to obesity. Here, we evaluated whether calcium influenced the body weight of normal-weight and obese rodents. All experiments involved female C57BL/6J mice or SpragueDawley rats fed normal-or high-energy-density diets (3.8 or 4.7 kcal/g). Calcium intake was manipulated by allowing mice to drink sweetened 30 mM CaCl2 solution or feeding mice and rats diets differing in calcium content (0.2%, 0.6%, or 1.8% Ca 2ϩ ). Blood samples were taken from rats to confirm that the diets had their intended effects on metabolism. There were no effects of the calcium manipulations on energy intake, body weight, or carcass fat content and no simple relation between calciotropic hormones and body weight. One experiment found a significant decrease in body weight gain of lean and obese rats fed the 1.8% Ca 2ϩ diet, but we suspect that this was due to forced consumption of the unpalatable diet, reducing growth. These studies provide little support for the hypothesis that dietary calcium contributes to the etiology or maintenance of obesity.1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; parathyroid hormone; appetite; palatability; food intake THERE HAS BEEN CONSIDERABLE recent interest in the hypothesis that body fat stores are modulated by calcium intake (50, 55). Several epidemiological studies have found inverse correlations between calcium intakes and body weight (7, 10, 13, 17, 22-24, 30, 55). There are also reports that body weight is reduced during clinical trials involving calcium supplementation (10,15,29,55). A measure of the enthusiasm for this hypothesis is the number of reviews written about it (28,35,(48)(49)(50)52).Experimental support for an inverse relation between calcium intake and body weight has been derived from animal studies. There are several reports of reduced body weight gain in rats fed high-calcium diets relative to controls fed moderate levels of calcium (6,26,34,38,54). However, interest has been piqued recently by three studies showing that high dietary calcium reduces the obesity produced by feeding high-energy diets. Two studies (33, 55) involved groups of male aP2-agouti mice fed high-sucrose, high-lard diets that differed in the amount and source of calcium (i.e., 0.4% Ca 2ϩ from CaCO 3 , 1.2% Ca 2ϩ from CaCO 3 , 1.2% Ca 2ϩ from nonfat dry milk, or 2.4% Ca 2ϩ from nonfat dry milk). In one of these studies (33), food intakes of some groups were yoked to those of mice fed the 0.4% Ca 2ϩ diet. In both experiments, the high-calcium diets significantly reduced weight gain and fat pad mass, increased core body temperature, inhibited adipocyte fatty acid synthase expression, stimulated lipolysis, and reduced fasting plasma insulin and glucose concentrations. The third study (27...

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Calcium intake by rats: influence of parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

A dairy product fermented by lactobacilli cancels the adverse effects of hypochlorhydria induced by a proton pump inhibitor on bone metabolism in growing rats

A dairy product fermented by lactobacilli cancels the adverse effects of hypochlorhydria induced by a proton pump inhibitor on bone metabolism in growing rats

Blood Calcium Levels in Immature Rats: Influence of Extracellular Calcium Concentration on Myocardial Calcium Handling

No effect of dietary calcium on body weight of lean and obese mice and rats

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