Calcium Intake And Body Mass Index (BMI) On Bone Density

Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by reduced bone mass (density) and changes in the micro-architecture of bone tissue so that bone strength decreases and bone fragility increases (Menkes RI, 2008). Calcium intake is one of the determining factors in bone mass formation and has an effect on bone density (Setyawati et.al, 2013; Tusmantoyo et. al, 2014). The low BMI is related to the low achievement of peak bone mass and high bone mass loss (Ensrud et al, 2007). Objective: To analyze the relationship of calcium intake and Body Mass Index (BMI) to bone density Method: An epidemiological study that is observational analytic using a cross sectional study design. Independent variables: Calcium intake and Body Mass Index (BMI), dependent variable: Bone Density.Results: There was a significant correlation of respondents' calcium intake with bone mineral density (p = 0.029). Respondents with less calcium intake (<80% AKG) risk 3,877 times experiencing abnormal bone mineral density (DMT) compared with respondents with good calcium intake (≥ 80% AKG). There was no significant relationship of body mass index (BMI) of respondents with bone mineral density (p = 0.309). Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between respondents' calcium intake and bone mineral density. Calcium intake is a risk factor for low bone density.