Calcium induces salinity tolerance in pistachio rootstocks

Abstract

--Introduction. Saline soils may exert a different effect on seed germination and seedling growth. Materials and methods. The seeds of two rootstocks of pistachio (Pistacia vera), Ghazvini and Badami-e-zarand, were incubated at 20°C in the dark in a 150 mM NaCl solution or in 150 mM NaCl solutions amended with (50, 100 and 150) mM CaSO 4 . Seeds were planted in pots containing a mixture of garden soil, sand and compost (1/3 v/v) to investigate the effect of calcium sulphate on plants grown under salt stress. Irrigation water treatments were control (deionised water alone); salinity stress (150 mM NaCl); salinity with 50 mM CaSO 4 ; salinity with 100 mM CaSO 4 ; and salinity with 150 mM CaSO 4 . Results and discussion. In all treatments, both the final germination percentage and the final percentage of seeds with emerging seedlings longer than 20 mm were higher in the Ghazvini rootstock than in the Badami-e-zarand rootstock. Both the final germination percentage and the final percentage of seeds with emerging seedlings were significantly increased with increasing CaSO 4 concentration, except at the highest CaSO 4 concentration. The plants grown under 150 mM NaCl produced less dry matter and had lower chlorophyll content than those grown without NaCl. Supplementary CaSO 4 only at (50 and 100) mM concentrations ameliorated the negative effects of salinity on plant dry matter and chlorophyll content. Sodium (Na) concentration in plant tissues increased in both leaves and roots of plants under the NaCl treatment alone. The Ghazvini rootstock had much lower Na. Additions of CaSO 4 significantly lowered the concentration of Na in both leaves and roots. The Ghazvini rootstock was more tolerant to salinity than the Badami-e-zarand rootstock. The accumulation of Na in leaves and roots indicates a possible mechanism whereby cv. Ghazvini copes with salinity in the rooting medium, and/or may indicate the existence of an inhibition mechanism of Na transport to leaves. Concentrations of Ca and K were lower in the plants grown at high NaCl concentration than in those under the control treatment, and, for the cv. Ghazvini, these two element's concentrations were increased in both leaves and roots for the plants with calcium sulphate treatment; for the cv. Badamie-zarand, these concentrations were increased in only the roots.Iran Islamic Republic / Pistacia vera / germination / growth / osmotic stress / saline water / calcium sulphate / salt tolerance Le calcium induit une tolérance au sel dans les porte-greffes de pistachiers.Résumé --Introduction. Les sols salins peuvent exercer différents effets sur la germination des graines et sur la croissance des jeunes plantes. Matériel et méthodes. Les graines de deux porte-greffes de pistachiers (cultivars Ghazvini et Badami-e-zarand de Pistacia vera) ont été incubées à 20°C à l'obscurité dans une solution à 150 mM de NaCl ou dans des solutions de 150 mM de NaCl enrichies avec (50, 100, et 150) mM de CaSO 4 . Ces graines ont été plantées dans des pots contenant un mélange de so...

Salinity induced changes in water relations, oxidative damage and morpho-physiological adaptations of pistachio genotypes in soilless culture

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Elma Bitkilerinin Tuz Stresine Tepkileri

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Silicon nutrition counteracts salt-induced damage associated with changes in biochemical responses in apple

“…Chlorophyll biosynthesis is a conspicuous process that is necessary for photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is made from 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) (Beale 1999) that was reported to decrease in salt stressed plant leaves (Santos 2004;Tavallali et al 2008). Moreover, the decrease in chlorophyll content may be due to an increase in chlorophyll degradation and/or decrease in mineral acquisition needed for chlorophyll synthesis (El-Desouky and Atawia 1998).…”