Calcium Induces Cell Survival and Proliferation through the Activation of the MAPK Pathway in a Human Hormone-dependent Leukemia Cell Line, TF-1

Abstract

The tight control of proliferation, survival, and apoptosis of bone marrow progenitor cells has a major role in allowing normal hematopoiesis. A variety of cytokines, including GM-CSF 1 and IL-3, regulate viability, proliferation, differentiation, and function of hemopoietic cells (1). Hemopoietic cells undergo apoptotic cell death in the absence of growth factors, whereas an escape from this regulation may result in leukemogenesis.The human GM-CSF/IL-3-dependent myelo-erythroid cell line, TF-1, has been reported to undergo apoptosis upon hormone deprivation (2). Apoptosis of these cells can be suppressed by re-administration of GM-CSF, IL-3, or IL-4 (3) or overexpression of Bcl-2 (4). The alteration of intracellular Ca 2ϩ concentration control cellular processes as diverse as proliferation, development, contraction, or secretion. However, when exceeding its normal spatial and temporal boundaries, Ca 2ϩ can result in cell death through both necrosis and apoptosis (7).The purpose of this study was to delineate how Ca 2ϩ can have multiple roles in cell survival and growth. Ca 2ϩ functions directly through regulation of gene expression, e.g. c-fos (8) or via activating Ca 2ϩ -dependent enzymatic action, e.g. calcium/ calmodulin-dependent kinases II and IV in neurons, calcineurin in lymphocytes, and in conjunction with other signaling pathways such as those regulated through MAPK and PI3K * This work was supported by the Hungarian Research Foundation (Grant OTKA T029291) by the Scientific Research Council, Ministry of Health (Grant ETT 206/2001), and by NRDP 1/024, Ministry of Education, Hungary. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.ʈ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel./Fax: 36-1-372-4353; E-mail: magocsi@biomembrane.hu.1 The abbreviations used are: GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; AP-1, activator protein-1; BAPTA-AM, 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,NЈ,NЈ-tetraacetic acid tetra(acetoxymethyl)ester; [Ca 2ϩ ] i , cytoplasmic free calcium concentration; CPA, cyclopiazonic acid; CREB, cAMP response element binding protein; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; ERK1/2, extracellular signalregulated kinase; MEK, MAPK/ERK kinase; Egr-1, early growth response protein-1; Elk-1, Ets domain protein-1; p90RSK, 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase; PD98059, 2Ј-amino-3-methoxyflavone (MEK-1 inhibitor); UO126, 1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis[2-aminophenylthio]-butadiene (MEK1/2 inhibitor); PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; SRE, serum response element; STAT-5, signal transducer and activator of transcription-5; IL-3, interleukin-3; FACS, fluorescence-activated cell

Isoform-specific up-regulation of plasma membrane Ca2+ATPase expression during colon and gastric cancer cell differentiation

“…It has been previously described that pharmacological modulation of Ca 2+ homeostasis by SERCA inhibitors or Ca 2+ ionophores can affect cell survival, proliferation and apoptosis in various cell types [92,93]. Furthermore, such treatments can induce or enhance cell differentiation in Friend erythroleukemia cells [94], in myeloid leukemia [95] and colon cancer [89].…”

Leukotriene D4 Mediates Survival and Proliferation via Separate but Parallel Pathways in the Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line Int 407

“…In addition, such treatments also caused a relatively low rate of dead cells. It is well known that ERK mediates cell cycle progression by activating the c-Fos transcription factor through phosphorylation of Elk-1 (51). In addition, ERK has also been shown to phosphorylate several other nuclear transcription factors such as Jun, Myc, p62TCF, and Fos, and also regulate the expression of their downstream genes (38,51,52).…”

Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase IV Regulates Hematopoietic Stem Cell Maintenance

“…4, B and C, this 1.9-fold decrease in the Camk4 Ϫ/Ϫ KLS cells is statistically significant. Several studies have shown that transcription of the pro-survival gene Bcl-2 gene requires pCREB and can be stimulated by Ca 2ϩ (27)(28)(29). Moreover, in addition to its role in cell survival, Bcl-2 has been reported to play a role in maintaining cellular quiescence (30,31).…”