Calcium-induced proline accumulation contributes to amelioration of NaCl injury and expression of glutamine synthetase in greater duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza L.)

Cheng, Tai-Sheng; Hung, Meng-Ju; Cheng, Yuwei; Cheng, Lee‐Ju

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.10.015

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…At 100 mM NaCl, the fronds were almost bleached after 72 h of cultivation. The signs of chlorosis were attributed to the loss of photosynthetic pigments, and these results were in agreement with the observations in previous studies (Chang et al, 2012;Cheng et al, 2013). Chlorophyll content of duckweed decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations (Fig.…”

Section: Duckweed Growthsupporting

confidence: 93%

Potential of duckweed (Lemna minor) for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water under salt stress

Zheng

Sun

2017

Journal of Environmental Management

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Duckweed plays a major role in the removal of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from water. To determine the effect of salt stress on the removal of N and P by duckweed, we cultured Lemna minor, a common species of duckweed, in N and P-rich water with NaCl concentrations ranging from 0 to 100 mM for 24 h and 72 h, respectively. The results show that the removal capacity of duckweed for N and P was reduced by salt stress. Higher salt stress with longer cultivation period exerts more injury to duckweed and greater inhibition of N and P removal. Severe salt stress (100 mM NaCl) induced duckweed to release N and P and even resulted in negative removal efficiencies. The results indicate that L. minor should be used to remove N and P from water with salinities below 75 mM NaCl, or equivalent salt stress.

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Section: Duckweed Growthsupporting

confidence: 93%

Potential of duckweed (Lemna minor) for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water under salt stress

Zheng

Sun

2017

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…Of which, CML42 was greatly induced while CAM5 , CPK1 , and CPK33 were significantly downregulated upon salt treatment. It is worthy to note that one gene encoding P5CS1 (spipo6g0074800), which is a crucial enzyme in proline biosynthesis, was dramatically increased under salt stress, while another gene encoding GS1 (spipo15G0035800) was greatly decreased in response to salt treatment, in accordance with the result of a previous report [73].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…AtCML9 was also found to be involved in salt stress tolerance through its effects on the ABA mediated pathways [72]. In S. polyrhiza , addition of CaCl 2 to the salt stressed plants increased the contents of proline, and lowered the degree of injury caused by NaCl [73], indicating the critical involvement of Ca 2+ signaling in response to salinity treatment. In this study, a total of 19 DE genes involved in Ca 2+ signaling were found (Table S1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Distorted Ion Homeostasis and Responses in the Freshwater Plant Spirodela polyrhiza L. under Salt Stress

Ding

Sun

et al. 2019

Genes

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Duckweeds are a family of freshwater angiosperms with morphology reduced to fronds and propagation by vegetative budding. Unlike other angiosperm plants such as Arabidopsis and rice that have physical barriers between their photosynthetic organs and soils, the photosynthetic organs of duckweeds face directly to their nutrient suppliers (waters), therefore, their responses to salinity may be distinct. In this research, we found that the duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza L. accumulated high content of sodium and reduced potassium and calcium contents in large amounts under salt stress. Fresh weight, Rubisco and AGPase activities, and starch content were significantly decreaseded in the first day but recovered gradually in the following days and accumulated more starch than control from Day 3 to Day 5 when treated with 100 mM and 150 mM NaCl. A total of 2156 differentially expressed genes were identified. Overall, the genes related to ethylene metabolism, major CHO degradation, lipid degradation, N-metabolism, secondary metabolism of flavonoids, and abiotic stress were significantly increased, while those involved in cell cycle and organization, cell wall, mitochondrial electron transport of ATP synthesis, light reaction of photosynthesis, auxin metabolism, and tetrapyrrole synthesis were greatly inhibited. Moreover, salt stress also significantly influenced the expression of transcription factors that are mainly involved in abiotic stress and cell differentiation. However, most of the osmosensing calcium antiporters (OSCA) and the potassium inward channels were downregulated, Na+/H+ antiporters (SOS1 and NHX) and a Na+/Ca2+ exchanger were slightly upregulated, but most of them did not respond significantly to salt stress. These results indicated that the ion homeostasis was strongly disturbed. Finally, the shared and distinct regulatory networks of salt stress responses between duckweeds and other plants were intensively discussed. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of salt stress response in duckweeds, and can be served as a useful foundation for salt tolerance improvement of duckweeds for the application in salinity conditions.

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“…On the other hand, Jampeetong & Brix (2009) observed an increase in N content in the leaves and a decrease in the roots of S. natans at concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 mmol L -1 NaCl. Several studies have shown proline synthesis and accumulation in response to salt stress (Ahmad et al, 2012;Cheng et al, 2013;Singh et al, 2015). This compound acts in the protection of cellular components by dehydration, maintaining the membrane structure and acting as a free radical scavenger (Hasegawa et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity effects on photosynthetic pigments, proline, biomass and nitric oxide in Salvinia auriculata Aubl.

et al. 2017

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Cite as: Gomes, M.A.C. et al. Salinity effects on photosynthetic pigments, proline, biomass and nitric oxide in Salvinia auriculata Aubl. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 2017, vol. 29, e9. Abstract: Aims: Effects of salt stress on the physiology of Salvinia auriculata were investigated. Method: Plants were supplemented with 0, 50, 100 and 150 mmol L -1 NaCl and incubated for 5 days. NO content was evaluated after 2 hours and 5 days. Photosynthetic pigments, proline and nutrients were analyzed after 5 days. Major Results: Higher chlorophyll a content was observed in plants treated with 50 mmol L -1 , decreasing in higher NaCl concentrations, while chorophyll b content decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations. Exposure to 50 mmol L -1 NaCl increased biomass, while higher concentrations caused loss of biomass. Ca, K and Mg decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations, and the Na/K ratio was significantly increased at 150 mmol L -1 NaCl. Proline increased significantly at 150 mmol L -1 . Extracellular NO content increased after 2 hours, with significantly higher NO concentrations in roots observed at 50 mmol L -1 . Decreases in NO content were observed after 5 days. Conclusions: The results indicate that moderate salinity induces NO production earlier during incubation, probably associated to signaling for the production of compounds that assist in stress tolerance. At higher concentrations, this tolerance is reduced. This allows for further understanding of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms associated with the adaptation of this macrophyte to saline conditions, which, in turn, affect this species ecology and distribution in coastal areas.Keywords: Salvinia auriculata; salinity stress; nitric oxide; clorophyll; NaCl; macrophyte.Resumo: Objetivos: Efeitos do estresse salino sobre a fisiologia de Salvinia auriculata foram investigados. Metodologia: As plantas foram expostas a 0, 50, 100 e 150 mmol de NaCl L -1 e incubadas durante 5 dias. O conteúdo de NO foi avaliado após 2 horas e 5 dias. Pigmentos fotossintéticos, prolina e nutrientes foram analisados após 5 dias. Resultados Principais: Observou-se maior teor de clorofila a em plantas tratadas com 50 mmol L -1

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Calcium-induced proline accumulation contributes to amelioration of NaCl injury and expression of glutamine synthetase in greater duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza L.)

Cited by 20 publications

References 66 publications

Potential of duckweed (Lemna minor) for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water under salt stress

Potential of duckweed (Lemna minor) for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water under salt stress

Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Distorted Ion Homeostasis and Responses in the Freshwater Plant Spirodela polyrhiza L. under Salt Stress

Salinity effects on photosynthetic pigments, proline, biomass and nitric oxide in Salvinia auriculata Aubl.

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