Calcium incorporation in the developing cartilaginous epiphysis

Matthews, James L.; Martin, J. Holmes; Lynn, Joseph A.; Collins, Elliott J.

doi:10.1007/bf02008105

Cited by 38 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Some degenerated chondrocytes undergo calcification. It has been shown that radioactive calcium is first incorporated into the chondrocytes and then released into the surrounding matrix (Matthews et al, 1968). The presence of calcium in normal chondrocytes has been reported (Johnston, 1958 ;Bohatirchuk, 1965;Kashiwa, 1966).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine structure of epiphyseal cartilage in experimental scurvy

Bonucci

1970

The Journal of Pathology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine structure of epiphyseal cartilage in experimental scurvy

Bonucci

1970

The Journal of Pathology

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“…Normally, PS is synthesized in mitochondria-associated membranes by action of either of two PS synthases that cause exchange of serine for choline (PS synthase-1) or for ethanolamine (PS synthase-2) (270). It is probable these PS synthases become incorporated into the plasma membrane upon transfer of Ca 2+ (and Pi) during MV formation (8,(271)(272)(273)(274)(275). PS synthases are ~56 kDa, multi-pass integral membrane proteins (276)(277)(278)(279) that could be transferred directly to the MVs.…”

Section: Phosphatidylserine Synthasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix vesicles: structure, composition, formation and function in calcification

Wuthier

Lipscomb²

2011

Front Biosci

158

230

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Matrix vesicles (MVs) induce calcification during endochondral bone formation. Experimental methods for structural, compositional, and functional analysis of MVs are reviewed. MV proteins, enzymes, receptors, transporters, regulators, lipids and electrolytes are detailed. MV formation is considered from both structural and biochemical perspectives. Confocal imaging of Ca(2+) and H(+) were used to depict how living chondrocytes form MVs. Biochemical studies revealed that coordinated mitochondrial Ca(2+) and Pi metabolism produce MVs containing a nucleational complex (NC) of amorphous calcium phosphate, phosphatidylserine and annexin A5--all critical to the mechanism of mineral nucleation. Reconstitution of the NC and modeling with unilamellar vesicles reveal how the NC transforms into octacalcium phosphate, regulated by Mg(2+), Zn(2+) and annexin A5. Extravasation of intravesicular mineral is mediated by phospholipases and tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). In the extravesicular matrix, hydroxyapatite crystal propagation is enhanced by cartilage collagens and TNAP, which destroys inhibitory PPi, and by metalloproteases that degrade proteoglycans. Other proteins also modulate mineral formation. Recent findings from single and multiple gene knockouts of TNAP, NPP1, ANK, PHOSPHO1, and Annexin A5 are reviewed.

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“…The enhancement of 45Ca2+ uptake by the matrix vesicles in the presence of a small amount of serum (Table 1) Ali et al, 1970). However, the lack of apatite formation in the presence ofATP after the vesicles were disrupted by ultrasonic treatment, without loss of alkaline phosphatase activity, suggests that the uptake of 45Ca2+ by matrix vesicles may be an active process, dependent on the energy provided by ATP hydrolysis, as has been shown to be the case for sarcoplasmic reticulum (Hasselbach & Makinose, 1960;Martonosi & Feretos, 1964), isolated peripheral-nerve vesicles (Lieberman et al, 1967) or the Ca2+-concentrating potential of mitochondria (Lehninger, 1970;Matthews et al, 1968). Cartier (1952) and Cartier & Picard (1955) first showed the importance ofATP and adenosine triphosphatase in calcification of cartilage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%