Calcium gluconate alleviates the toxic effect of hydrofluoric acid on human dermal fibroblasts through the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway

Abstract

The present study was performed to determine the molecular mechanism of calcium gluconate (CG) in alleviating the toxic effect of hydrofluoric (HF) acid on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). HDF morphology was observed by optical microscopy and the vimentin immunofluorescence assay. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by the Cell Counting Kit-8 and Annexin V/propidium iodide assays, respectively. The levels of apoptosis-associated factors, as well as Wnt2, Wnt3a and β-catenin were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were detected by ELISA and western blotting. Carboxyterminal propeptide of type I collagen (CICP) was detected by ELISA, while L-Hydroxyproline (L-HYP) was detected by colorimetry. First, the morphology of normal HDFs was observed. Cell viability was inhibited and apoptosis was increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner following treatment with HF acid [0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 20% (v/v)] for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 20 min. The effects were blocked by CG at different doses (50, 100 and 200 µmol/l) and time points (6, 12 and 24 h), following treatment with 8% (v/v) HF acid for 6 min. The levels of Caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 associated X protein, Wnt2, Wnt3a and β-catenin were decreased, whereas Bcl-2 was increased by CG treatment dose-dependently, when compared with HF control. CG promoted the expression of MMP-1, bFGF and L-HYP, and inhibited CICP, when compared with HF control. Based on the present results, CG alleviated the toxic effect of HF acid on HDFs by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

"Simmer pus and grow flesh" method promotes chronic wound healing in rats via bFGF-Wnt β-catenin signaling pathway

“…Firstly, bFGF is an important growth factor, which can advance wound healing. bFGF can stimulate cell multiplication and migration, promote angiogenesis, increase collagen deposition and promote epithelial cell regeneration [20]. These processes are very important for the healing of chronic wounds.…”

Porous Silicon Preparation by Electrochemical Etching in Ionic Liquids

“…Although the extreme safety hazards of hydrofluoric acid for nature and humans are well known, [18] using HF in PSi production seems unavoidable since it is needed for removal of native oxides on silicon surface and for binding silicon in etching products.…”

“…Although the extreme safety hazards of hydrofluoric acid for nature and humans are well known, using HF in PSi production seems unavoidable since it is needed for removal of native oxides on silicon surfaces and for binding silicon in etching products. The search for different approaches for replacing HF acid by more environmentally friendly agents is of great interest in the field of silicon etching , and in other areas of materials science. − …”

“…17 In the electrochemical version of silicon etching in fluoride solutions the process can be carried out both in potentiostatic and in galvanostatic modes; the latter option is often preferable because of easier control of the process. 9 Although the extreme safety hazards of hydrofluoric acid for nature and humans are well known, 18 using HF in PSi production seems unavoidable since it is needed for removal of native oxides on silicon surfaces and for binding silicon in etching products. The search for different approaches for replacing HF acid by more environmentally friendly agents is of great interest in the field of silicon etching 19,20 and in other areas of materials science.…”