Calcium-Ganglioside Interactions and Modulation of Neuronal Functions

Rahmann, H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-349-12275-2_3

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…4), which is a further indication of the Ca"-binding property of sialic acids. This is in agreement with a general complexation of Ca2+ by sialic acids (Long and Mouat, 1971;Behr and Lehn, 1972;Jaques et al, 1980) and a similar situation has been reported for cobalamin-intrinsic factor (Kouvonen and Grasbeck, 1984), fibrinogen (Dang et al, 1989), a 130-kDa protein from sea urchin embryos (Farach-Carson et al, 1989), gallbladder mucin (Sterling et al, 1992) and gangliosides (Behr and Lehn, 1973;Rahmann, 1992). However, NMR studies demonstrated strong Ca2+ binding by N-acetylneuraminic acid only for the anomer (Jaques et al, 1977), but not the biochemically relevant a anomer (Czarniecki and Thornton, 1977).…”

Section: Ca" Bindingsupporting

confidence: 71%

Calcium binding to sialic acids and its effect on the conformation of ependymins

Ganß

Hoffmann

1993

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Soluble ependymins form the predominant protein constituents in the cerebrospinal fluid from many orders of teleost fish. Furthermore, these glycoproteins also exist in a bound form associated with the extracellular matrix. Ependymins are synthesized in meningeal fibroblasts. In goldfish, their synthesis is increased during the regeneration of the optic nerve and they share several characteristics with molecules involved in cell contact phenomena. In this study, we show by a calcium overlay technique that ependymins from goldfish and rainbow trout are able to bind 45Ca2+. However, nearly all of this Ca2+‐binding capacity is lost after digestion with sialidase. Furthermore, circular‐dichroism spectra from FPLC‐purified rainbow trout ependymins have been recorded in the presence and absence of Ca2+. Below 250 nm, the CD spectrum showed a characteristic minimum of ellipticity at 217 nm typical of β structures. This signal is independent of the Ca2+ concentration. In contrast, the complex signal at 250–310 nm mainly decreased with increasing Ca2+ concentration indicating changes in the environment of aromatic side chains.

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Section: Ca" Bindingsupporting

confidence: 71%

Calcium binding to sialic acids and its effect on the conformation of ependymins

Ganß

Hoffmann

1993

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…In specific zones of the cell membrane, ganglio-sides aggregate in clusters and appear to influence the fluidity and/or the polarity of these areas. The ability of gangliosides to complex with calcium enables these glycosphingolipids to open ion channels for the influx of calcium ions (Rahmann 1992). Due to these specific interactions with calcium, gangliosides are assumed to modulate functional membraneous proteins.…”

Section: Life Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptations of the Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum (Pisces:Nototheniidae) to pelagic life in high-Antarctic waters

Wöhrmann¹,

Hagen²,

Kunzmann³

1997

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Most fishes in Antarctic waters belong to the suborder Notothc,nioidei, highly developed perciform fishes whlch have been able to occupy not only a variety of benthic but also pclagic niches in Antarctic waters. One of the rare truly pelagic fish species. Pleuragramma antarctlcurn, plays a pivotal role in high-Antarctic food webs, due to its exceptional abundance. To investigdte the life history of P.antarctic~lrn more than 16 000 specimens were collected in the W~d d e l l Sea during various cruises with RV 'Polarstern' Apart from the more general life cycle adaptations with respect to reproduction, migrations, and feeding behaviour. P. antarct~cum has developed a number of specific biochcmical and physiological adaptations to cope with the environmental conditions in these permanently cold and highly scasonal Antarctic waters. During its second summer P. anlarcticum starts to accumulate large lipid deposits, mainly in the form of triacylglycerols. These low-density compounds provide the species with hydrostatic lift, an important factor for a pelagic fish without a swlm bladder. The lipid stores may also serve as energy reserves. I lighly polar brain gangliosides suggest wide-ranging neurophysiological adaptations to ensure proper functioning of the nervous system in icy waters. To avoid freezing in the presence of frazil ice P. antarctlcum contains efficient antifreeze glycoproteins. A newly discovered glycoprotein acts as an additional antifreeze agent. Although pelagic, adult P antarcticum are rather sluggish, which is indicated by the small total gill area as well as blood physiological characteristics. Such behaviour diminishes routine energy costs. Blood viscosity is reduced and at least 2 major haemog l o b~n s are found Provided that these haemoglobins are functionally different, they indicate a strong relationship between physiological and biochemical adaptations of the oxygen transport system and life style P antar-cfcum represents a prime esdmple of the colnplexity of adaptations necessary to thrive in the pelagic realm of Antarctic shelf waters, a niche largely unoccup~cd by other fish species.

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“…GSLs are present in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane (1,2) where they have been postulated to play a role in a number of important cellular processes including cell-cell and cell-substratum recognition, adhesion, differentiation, proliferation, and oncogenic transformation. The pattern of GSLs differs among cell types and changes during development, cellular differentiation, and oncogenic transformation suggesting an important role for GSLs in cell growth and proliferation (3)(4)(5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of Ceramide within Distal Neurites Inhibits Neurite Growth in Cultured Rat Sympathetic Neurons

Chaves

Bussiére²,

Vance³

et al. 1997

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Sphingolipids are abundant constituents of neuronal membranes and have been implicated in intracellular signaling. We show that two analogs of glycosphingolipid biosynthetic intermediates, fumonisin B 1 (which inhibits dihydroceramide synthesis) and DL-1-phenyl-2-palmitoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PPMP) (which inhibits glucosylceramide synthesis) decrease glycosphingolipid synthesis in rat sympathetic neurons. Although both fumonisin and PPMP inhibit glycosphingolipid synthesis, these inhibitors have differential effects on ceramide metabolism in axons. threo-PPMP, but not erythro-PPMP or fumonisin, induces an accumulation of [ 3 H]palmitate-labeled ceramide and impairs axonal growth. Moreover, exogenously added, cell-permeable C 6 -ceramide, but not C 6 -dihydroceramide, mimicks the effect of PPMP. Our studies suggest that the lipid second messenger ceramide acts in distal axons, but not cell bodies, as a negative regulator of neurite growth. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs)1 are major components of eukaryotic cell membranes and are particularly enriched in neuronal membranes. Lipids of this class contain one or more sugar residues attached to a sphingoid base backbone. GSLs are present in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane (1, 2) where they have been postulated to play a role in a number of important cellular processes including cell-cell and cell-substratum recognition, adhesion, differentiation, proliferation, and oncogenic transformation. The pattern of GSLs differs among cell types and changes during development, cellular differentiation, and oncogenic transformation suggesting an important role for GSLs in cell growth and proliferation (3-5).In addition, intermediates in the biosynthesis and catabolism of sphingolipids and GSLs may function as lipid second messengers mediating the effects of extracellular agents and agonists (6 -8). One approach used extensively to examine the function of GSLs is the exogenous addition of GSLs to cells, since the amphipathic nature of GSLs permits their incorporation into cellular membranes. The enrichment of gangliosides (sialic acid containing GSLs) in neuronal membranes induces neuritogenesis (3, 9 -12), modulates growth factor receptor activity (reviewed in Refs. 3,13,14), potentiates responses to neurotrophic factors (13, 15), and protects against apoptotic death caused by withdrawal of trophic support (16). Moreover, antibodies raised against gangliosides inhibit neurite outgrowth from neural cells and tissues slices in vitro (17, 18). Tettamanti and Riboni (19) have summarized the role of gangliosides in neurodifferentiation, neuritogenesis, and synaptogenesis.Only recently has the effect of the reduction of cellular GSL levels on neurons, through the inhibition of endogenous GSL synthesis, been examined. Inhibition of dihydroceramide synthesis, an early step in the synthesis of all GSLs (see Fig. 1), in cultured hippocampal neurons disrupts axonal growth (20) and the formation and maintenance of axonal branches (21). Similar studies have found that sphingolipi...

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Calcium-Ganglioside Interactions and Modulation of Neuronal Functions

Cited by 18 publications

References 70 publications

Calcium binding to sialic acids and its effect on the conformation of ependymins

Calcium binding to sialic acids and its effect on the conformation of ependymins

Adaptations of the Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum (Pisces:Nototheniidae) to pelagic life in high-Antarctic waters

Elevation of Ceramide within Distal Neurites Inhibits Neurite Growth in Cultured Rat Sympathetic Neurons

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