Calcium ferrite formation characteristic during iron ore sintering with different oxygen atmospheres

Mao, Xiaoming; You, Zhixiong; Zhang, Yuanbo; Fan, Zhenyu; Li, Guanghui; Jiang, Tao

doi:10.1007/s11771-014-2274-z

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The rate of melt It is apparent from the said dependence that thermal conditions play an important role in the sintered layer. The issue of creation and formation of complex silicoferrites has been addressed by a number of research papers [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Substituted Agglomerates (B C D)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Substituting Coke with Biomass on the Mineralogical Composition of the Iron Ore Agglomerate

Fröhlichová

Findorák

Legemza

et al. 2020

Metals

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Coke breeze is a special type of fossil fuel that significantly contributes to environmental pollution. Therefore, ways and opportunities to reduce its negative impact on climate change are being sought. Alternative fuels constitute one of the opportunities where biomass can play an important role. Biomass represents a new fuel for the sintering process and an attractive way to decrease CO2 emissions. Today, biomass is not considered for complete substitution of coke. Opportunities for its partial substitution are instead being sought. Each type of fuel is characterized by different properties and thus also by an appropriate scope of its substitution in an agglomeration mixture. This study covers the available options and the potential impact of this substitution on the structural and mineralogical composition of the agglomerate. These experiments were carried out by substituting coke breeze with biomass (hydrolyzed lignin). To perform the experimental sintering, a sintering apparatus—laboratory sintering pan (LSP)—was used, which was fully equipped with measuring devices and analyzers. The samples of agglomerates prepared by substituting 0%, 20%, 50% and 86% of coke breeze with biomass (hydrolyzed lignin) in dried form were analyzed by chemical and microscopic analysis-The representation of individual minerals in agglomerates was determined by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Based on the results of the study regarding the impact of partial coke substitution with biomass on the mineralogical composition of the agglomerate, it can be stated that it is possible to substitute about 50% of coke with lignin in the sintering process. When lignin was used to substitute up to 50% of coke, agglomerates with minimal variations in the chemical and mineralogical composition were produced.

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Section: Substituted Agglomerates (B C D)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Substituting Coke with Biomass on the Mineralogical Composition of the Iron Ore Agglomerate

Fröhlichová

Findorák

Legemza

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…[1][2][3] A considerable amount of works were focused on the structure characterization and formation mechanism of calcium ferrite phases during the sintering process under various O 2 content atmospheres at the temperatures higher than 1 100°C. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Generally, solid state reactions and phase constitutions during the sintering process can be thermodynamically predicted using the equilibrium phase diagram. However, the phase transformation process at lower temperatures will be different from the predicted phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction between CaO and Fe3O4 under CO–CO2 Atmosphere at 800°C–1100°C

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2017

ISIJ Int.

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“…Studies show that calcium ferrite generation has a maximum generation amount at a temperature of 1275 • C for hematite and limonite whereas for specularite and magnetite 1250 • C was the optimum for maximum calcium ferrite generation. Investigations also showed that increasing partial oxygen content in airflow benefits calcium ferrite formation [43].…”

Section: Sinter Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in iron ore sintering using a laboratory scaled development platform

Al-Haji¹

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Iron ore sintering is the pre-treatment process of agglomerating ﬁne grained iron ores into a coarse grained solid porous burden, suitable for the blast furnace. Iron ore sinter is the primary source of a blast furnace’s burden and as such plays a critical role in the steel making process. A small-scale pilot line sinter pot was commissioned and validated for the proposed research. Findings suggested that altering blend chemical composition, granulation properties, bed permeability and ﬂame front characteristics were the most important parameters in optimising the process. Research conducted in this paper suggested that varying these parameters impacted the iron ore sintering process and quality of the sinter produced. Thus, this work package focused on how these parameters could be varied in order to maximise productivity and quality. The work package also focused on various fuel particle size distributions as well as ratios and found that this also plays a critical role in inﬂuencing process parameters as well as the quality of sinter produced. It was found that by controlling the particle size of fuel, process stability increased. This paper also focused on novel additions to a sintering blend, which could be up-scaled and implemented to industry, ensuring the iron and steel making industry is heading towards a more circular economy. It was found that by micro-pelletizing ﬁne iron ores, permeability was increased and thus pro-ductivity improved. It was also found that the chemical composition of by-products such as used Mag-C refractory brick used in lining vessels at the BOS plant could be utilised by crushing and incorporating into raw sinter blends, oﬀsetting purchased materials. Quality parameters of the produced sinter during investigations included sinter strength, reducibility, chemical composition, optical microscopy and phase min-eralogy. Process parameters such as sintering time, temperature, ﬂow rates, cooling rates and ﬂame front characteristics were also monitored through out to make precise and accurate conclusions.

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Calcium ferrite formation characteristic during iron ore sintering with different oxygen atmospheres

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Impact of Substituting Coke with Biomass on the Mineralogical Composition of the Iron Ore Agglomerate

Impact of Substituting Coke with Biomass on the Mineralogical Composition of the Iron Ore Agglomerate

Reaction between CaO and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> under CO–CO<sub>2</sub> Atmosphere at 800°C–1100°C

Developments in iron ore sintering using a laboratory scaled development platform

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