Calcium chloride as co-catalyst of onium halides in the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide to oxiranes

Titorenkova, Rositsa; Koseva, Neli; Troev, K.

doi:10.1016/s1381-1169(02)00513-7

Cited by 78 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For the coupling reaction of CO 2 and propylene oxide using [TBA][Cl] and CoCl 2 as a co-catalyst, the highest TOF was up to 2223 h −1 . Sibaouih et al [54]and Kossev et al [53] found a significant synergistic effect of the Co(II) salt together with the anions of onium salts. It was interesting that chloride as a IL anion was more advantageous than Br − and I − in terms of the tetrabutyl ammonium salts bearing different anions.…”

Section: Metal-based Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Ionic Liquids: The Synergistic Catalytic Effect in the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates

Cheng

Wang

et al. 2013

Catalysts

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This review presents the synergistic effect in the catalytic system of ionic liquids (ILs) for the synthesis of cyclic carbonate from carbon dioxide and epoxide. The emphasis of this review is on three aspects: the catalytic system of metal-based ionic liquids, the catalytic system of hydrogen bond-promoted ionic liquids and supported ionic liquids. Metal and ionic liquids show a synergistic effect on the cycloaddition reactions of epoxides. The cations and anions of ionic liquids show a synergistic effect on the cycloaddition reactions. The functional groups in cations or supports combined with the anions have a synergistic effect on the cycloaddition reactions. Synergistic catalytic effects of ILs play an important role of promoting the cycloaddition reactions of epoxides. The design of catalytic system of ionic liquids will be possible if the synergistic effect on a molecular level is understood.

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Section: Metal-based Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Kossev et al [53] studied the influence of CaCl 2 as a Lewis acid on the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO 2 . The reaction was carried out in the system consisting of tetraalkylammonium or phosphonium halide and CaCl 2 .…”

Section: Metal-based Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquids: The Synergistic Catalytic Effect in the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates

Cheng

Wang

et al. 2013

Catalysts

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“…The synthesis of cyclic carbonates through cycloaddition of CO 2 to epoxides is one of the few commercial routes that use CO 2 as a raw material (Scheme 5). In the past decades, a number of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts have been developed for the cycloaddition reaction, such as phosphines [32][33][34], organic bases [35][36][37], ionic liquids [1,[38][39][40][41][42][43], organometallic complexes [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58], metal oxides [59][60][61][62][63][64], modified zeolites and smectites [65][66][67][68][69], and supported catalysts [70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77]. There are reports on organometallic complexes of Cr, Co, Ni, Al, Mn, Zn, Ru, Re...…”

Section: Organobismuth Complexes For Co Capturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Homogeneous catalysts such as organic base [35][36][37], ionic liquids [1,[38][39][40][41][42][43], and organometallic complexes [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] are known to show high catalytic activity for the cycloaddition reaction. In recent years, ionic liquids have been extensively used as catalysts and/or alternative solvents in organic synthesis.…”

Section: Immobilized Hydroxyl Ionic Liquids For the Cycloaddition Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

A mini review on chemical fixation of CO2: Absorption and catalytic conversion into cyclic carbonates

Dai

Luo

Yin

et al. 2009

Front. Chem. Eng. China

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In this article, we present our research results on chemical fixation of CO 2 using organobismuth compounds. We fabricated bismuth biphenoate complex, Zn-Mg-Al composite oxides, and SBA-15 or Al-SBA-15 immobilized hydroxyl ionic liquid for CO 2 cycloaddition onto epoxides. The hypervalent bismuth compounds show good ability for association and dissociation with CO 2 . The bismuth biphenolate complexes are catalytically effective for the cycloaddition reaction. The heterogeneous catalysts, viz. Zn-Mg-Al oxides and SBA-15 or Al-SBA-15 immobilized ionic liquid, are efficient for the synthesis of cyclic carbonate from CO 2 and epoxide. It is found that the presence of a trace amount of water can improve the catalytic activity of the immobilized ionic liquid.

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“…Manufacturers shifted to the production based on the cycloaddition of CO 2 to epoxide (Scheme 3) in the presence of base catalysts. Various catalysts such as Scheme 1 Carbon dioxide used for the valuable chemical synthesis alkali metal halides [51][52][53][54], onium salts [55][56][57], organic bases [58][59][60], metal oxides [61][62][63][64], zeolites [65,66], titanosilicates [67], smectites [68,69], metal complexes [70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80] and ionic liquids [81][82][83][84] have been explored. If appropriate catalysts are selected, polycarbonates are also produced [85].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Cyclic Carbonatementioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide: a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

Patil

Tambade

Jagtap

et al. 2009

Front. Chem. Eng. China

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The syntheses of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) based industrially important chemicals have gained considerable interest in view of the sustainable chemistry and "green chemistry" concepts. In this review, recent developments in the chemical fixation of CO 2 to valuable chemicals are discussed. The synthesis of five-member cyclic carbonates via, cycloaddition of CO 2 to epoxides is one of the promising reactions replacing the existing poisonous phosgene-based synthetic route. This review focuses on the synthesis of cyclic carbonates, vinyl carbamates, and quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones via reaction of CO 2 and epoxide, amines/phenyl acetylene, 2-aminobenzinitrile and other chemicals. Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate, 1,3-disubstituted urea and 2-oxazolidinones/2-imidazolidinones have limitations at present because of the reaction equilibrium and chemical inertness of CO 2 . The preferred alternatives for their synthesis like transesterification of ethylene carbonate with methanol, transamination of ethylene carbonate with primary amine and transamination reaction of ethylene carbonate with diamines/β-aminoalcohols are discussed. These methodologies offer marked improvements for greener chemical fixation of CO 2 in to industrially important chemicals.

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Calcium chloride as co-catalyst of onium halides in the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide to oxiranes

Cited by 78 publications

References 19 publications

Ionic Liquids: The Synergistic Catalytic Effect in the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates

Ionic Liquids: The Synergistic Catalytic Effect in the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates

A mini review on chemical fixation of CO2: Absorption and catalytic conversion into cyclic carbonates

Carbon dioxide: a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

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