Calcium Carbonate Urolithiasis in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report

Abstract

Urinary stones composed of calcium carbonate are extremely rare, accounting for 0.01%-1.4% of urolithiasis (UL) cases. Urolithiasis is an infrequent condition in the pediatric population worldwide and in Mexico; nevertheless, the incidence in the Yucatán Peninsula is higher than that reported in other areas of Mexico and the world. Urolithiasis is the second most common urinary disease among pediatrics in the Yucatán Peninsula, which makes it an endemic region for this disease. We describe the case of a five-yearold male from the southeast region of Mexico who presented with signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) and was diagnosed with bilateral staghorn stones of calcium carbonate, successfully treated by mini endoscopic combined intra-renal surgery, and dietary adjustments to prevent recurrence.

A Giant Kidney Stone in a 50-Year-Old Mayan Gardener From the Yucatan Peninsula: A Case Report

“…Some metabolic risk factors have been previously described in the Yucatan population. Mayan patients with stones have a dramatic prevalence of metabolic disorders, such as hypocitraturia (91.3%), hypomagnesuria (68.5%), hypercalciuria (42.1%), hyperuricemia (33.3%), hyperuricosuria (26.6%), and hyperoxaluria (36.5%) [ 10 , 11 ]. Nevertheless, none of these metabolic risk factors were identified in the patient discussed here, which underlines the relevance of occupational, environmental, and lifestyle factors that may play a key role in lithiasis, such as extensive sunlight exposure and dehydration.…”