Calcium Biofortification of Crops–Challenges and Projected Benefits

Knez, Marija; Stangoulis, James

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.669053

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 148 publications

(208 reference statements)

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“…Super Basmati could be interesting in terms of human Ca nutrition. Similar to micronutrient deficiencies, also human Ca deficiency is a growing nutritional problem in human populations and suggested that the biofortification of stable food crops with Ca through plant breeding would be a sustainable solution to address human Ca deficiency [81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofortification of Diverse Basmati Rice Cultivars with Iodine, Selenium, and Zinc by Individual and Cocktail Spray of Micronutrients

Akhtar

Aslam

Ahmad³

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Given that an effective combined foliar application of iodine (I), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) would be farmer friendly, compared to a separate spray of each micronutrient, for the simultaneous biofortification of grain crops, we compared effectiveness of foliar-applied potassium iodate (KIO3, 0.05%), sodium selenate (Na2SeO4, 0.0024%), and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4∙7H2O, 0.5%), separately and in their combination (as cocktail) for the micronutrient biofortification of four Basmati cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Foliar-applied, each micronutrient or their cocktail did not affect rice grain yield, but grain yield varied significantly among rice cultivars. Irrespective of foliar treatments, the brown rice of cv. Super Basmati and cv. Kisan Basmati had substantially higher concentration of micronutrients than cv. Basmati-515 and cv. Chenab Basmati. With foliar-applied KIO3, alone or in cocktail, the I concentration in brown rice increased from 12 to 186 µg kg−1. The average I concentration in brown rice with foliar-applied KIO3 or cocktail was 126 μg kg−1 in cv. Basmati-515, 160 μg kg−1 in cv. Chenab Basmati, 153 μg kg−1 in cv. Kisan Basmati, and 306 μg kg−1 in cv. Super Basmati. Selenium concentration in brown rice increased from 54 to 760 µg kg−1, with foliar-applied Na2SeO4 individually and in cocktail, respectively. The inherent Zn concentration in rice cultivars ranged between 14 and 19 mg kg−1 and increased by 5–6 mg Zn per kg grains by foliar application of ZnSO4∙7H2O and cocktail. The results also showed the existence of genotypic variation in response to foliar spray of micronutrients and demonstrated that a foliar-applied cocktail of I, Se, and Zn could be an effective strategy for the simultaneous biofortification of rice grains with these micronutrients to address the hidden hunger problem in human populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofortification of Diverse Basmati Rice Cultivars with Iodine, Selenium, and Zinc by Individual and Cocktail Spray of Micronutrients

Akhtar

Aslam

Ahmad³

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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“…A number of edible plants are also naturally high in calcium, although the quantity and bioavailability are lower than animal‐source foods, especially dairy. The role of calcium and its distribution in plants has been extensively discussed elsewhere 27–30 . Briefly, plant roots are involved in tightly regulating the amount of calcium that the plant takes up via Ca 2+ ‐permeable cation channels.…”

Section: Promoting the Consumption Of Naturally Calcium‐rich Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions to improve calcium intake through foods in populations with low intake

Bourassa

Abrams

Belizán

et al. 2022

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Calcium intake remains inadequate in many low‐ and middle‐income countries, especially in Africa and South Asia, where average intakes can be below 400 mg/day. Given the vital role of calcium in bone health, metabolism, and cell signaling, countries with low calcium intake may want to consider food‐based approaches to improve calcium consumption and bioavailability within their population. This is especially true for those with low calcium intake who would benefit the most, including pregnant women (by reducing the risk of preeclampsia) and children (by reducing calcium‐deficiency rickets). Specifically, some animal‐source foods that are naturally high in bioavailable calcium and plant foods that can contribute to calcium intake could be promoted either through policies or educational materials. Some food processing techniques can improve the calcium content in food or increase calcium bioavailability. Staple‐food fortification with calcium can also be a cost‐effective method to increase intake with minimal behavior change required. Lastly, biofortification is currently being investigated to improve calcium content, either through genetic screening and breeding of high‐calcium varieties or through the application of calcium‐rich fertilizers. These mechanisms can be used alone or in combination based on the local context to improve calcium intake within a population.

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“…Inadequate consumption of any of these will result in adverse metabolic disturbances, leading to sickness, poor health, impaired development in children, and a large economic cost to society (1). Men and women aged between 25 and 50 years require a daily intake of 800 mg of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P), 280-350 mg of magnesium (Mg), 2,000 mg of potassium (K), 10-15 mg of Fe and Zn, 2-5 µg of manganese (Mn), and 500 mg of sodium (Na) to meet the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) (10)(11)(12). This is reason enough for developing public health policies that encourage the consumption of micronutrients at the RDA levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Grain Iron and Zinc Content With Other Nutrients in Pearl Millet Germplasm, Breeding Lines, and Hybrids

et al. 2022

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Micronutrient deficiency is most prevalent in developing regions of the world, including Africa and Southeast Asia where pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) is a major crop. Increasing essential minerals in pearl millet through biofortification could reduce malnutrition caused by deficiency. This study evaluated the extent of variability of micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Mn, and Na) and macronutrients (P, K, Ca, and Mg) and their relationship with Fe and Zn content in 14 trials involving pearl millet hybrids, inbreds, and germplasm. Significant genetic variability of macronutrients and micronutrients was found within and across the trials (Ca: 4.2–40.0 mg 100 g−1, Fe: 24–145 mg kg−1, Zn: 22–96 mg kg−1, and Na: 3.0–63 mg kg−1). Parental lines showed significantly larger variation for nutrients than hybrids, indicating their potential for use in hybrid parent improvement through recurrent selection. Fe and Zn contents were positively correlated and highly significant (r = 0.58–0.81; p < 0.01). Fe and Zn were positively and significantly correlated with Ca (r = 0.26–0.61; p < 0.05) and Mn (r = 0.24–0.50; p < 0.05). The findings indicate that joint selection for Fe, Zn, and Ca will be effective. Substantial genetic variation and high heritability (>0.60) for multiple grain minerals provide good selection accuracy prospects for genetic enhancement. A highly positive significant correlation between Fe and Zn and the nonsignificant correlation of grain macronutrients and micronutrients with Fe and Zn suggest that there is scope to achieve higher levels of Fe/Zn simultaneously in current pearl millet biofortification efforts without affecting other grain nutrients. Results suggest major prospects for improving multiple nutrients in pearl millet.

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Calcium Biofortification of Crops–Challenges and Projected Benefits

Cited by 12 publications

References 148 publications

Biofortification of Diverse Basmati Rice Cultivars with Iodine, Selenium, and Zinc by Individual and Cocktail Spray of Micronutrients

Biofortification of Diverse Basmati Rice Cultivars with Iodine, Selenium, and Zinc by Individual and Cocktail Spray of Micronutrients

Interventions to improve calcium intake through foods in populations with low intake

Association of Grain Iron and Zinc Content With Other Nutrients in Pearl Millet Germplasm, Breeding Lines, and Hybrids

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