2020
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00027
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Calcium Binding by Arabinogalactan Polysaccharides Is Important for Normal Plant Development

Abstract: Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are a family of plant extracellular proteoglycans involved in many physiological events. AGPs are often anchored to the extracellular side of the plasma membrane and are highly glycosylated with arabinogalactan (AG) polysaccharides, but the molecular function of this glycosylation remains largely unknown. The blinked glucuronic acid (GlcA) residues in AG polysaccharides have been shown in vitro to bind to calcium in a pH-dependent manner. Here, we used Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis t… Show more

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Cited by 76 publications
(96 citation statements)
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References 122 publications
(186 reference statements)
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“…AtGLCAT14 mutants have defective synthesis of AGs. glcat14a,glcat14b,glcat14d,glcat14e,glcat14aglcat14b,glcat14bglcat14c,glcat14aglcat14bglcat14c,glcat14aglcat14bglcat14d, and glcat14aglcat14bglcat14e mutants have reduced the content of GlcA on AGPs when compared to wild type (Knoch et al, 2013;Lopez-Hernandez et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020). Although this suggests some redundancy between these enzymes, the mutants show some preferential changes in GlcA on specific branch lengths of AG and, therefore, may have roles glucuronidating different parts of the AG or different AGPs (Lopez-Hernandez et al, 2020).…”
Section: Glucuronosyltransferases: Adding the Special Sugarmentioning
confidence: 97%
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“…AtGLCAT14 mutants have defective synthesis of AGs. glcat14a,glcat14b,glcat14d,glcat14e,glcat14aglcat14b,glcat14bglcat14c,glcat14aglcat14bglcat14c,glcat14aglcat14bglcat14d, and glcat14aglcat14bglcat14e mutants have reduced the content of GlcA on AGPs when compared to wild type (Knoch et al, 2013;Lopez-Hernandez et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020). Although this suggests some redundancy between these enzymes, the mutants show some preferential changes in GlcA on specific branch lengths of AG and, therefore, may have roles glucuronidating different parts of the AG or different AGPs (Lopez-Hernandez et al, 2020).…”
Section: Glucuronosyltransferases: Adding the Special Sugarmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…The biosynthesis of AGP glycans requires at least 10 functionally distinct enzymes, e.g., galactosyltransferases (GALTs), arabinosyltransferases, fucosyltransferases (FUTs), rhamnosyltransferases, xylosyltransferases, glucuronosyltransferases 1 http://www.cazy.org (GLCATs), and glucuronic acid methyltransferases. To date, 22 transferases responsible for AGP glycosylation have been identified in Arabidopsis (Tables 1 and 2): eight hydroxyproline-O-β-GALTs (Hyp-O-GALTs; AtGALT2, AtGALT3, AtGALT4, AtGALT5, and AtGALT6, Basu et al, 2013Basu et al, , 2015aShowalter and Basu, 2016;AtHPTG1, AtHPTG2, and AtHPTG3, Ogawa-Ohnishi and Matsubayashi, 2015), two β-1,3-GALTs (At1g77810, Qu et al, 2008 andAtKSN4, Suzuki et al, 2017), two β-1,6-GALTs (AtGALT31A, Geshi et al, 2013 and AtGALT29A;, five β-1,6-GLCATs (AtGLCAT14A, AtGLCAT14B, AtGLCAT14C, AtGLCAT14D, and AtGLCAT14E, Knoch et al, 2013;Lopez-Hernandez et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020), two α-1,2-FUTs (AtFUT4 and AtFUT6, Wu et al, 2010;Liang et al, 2013;Tryfona et al, 2014), a putative β-arabinosyltransferase (AtRAY1, Gille et al, 2013), and two glucuronic acid methyltransferases (AtAGM1 and AtAGM2, Temple et al, 2019; Figure 3). However, several enzymes remain to be identified, including α-arabinofuranosyltransferases, β-arabinopyranosyltransferases, α-rhamnosyltransferases, α-xylosyltransferases, an α-GALTs, and other β-GALTs, β-GLCATs, α-FUTs, and glucuronic acid methyltransferases.…”
Section: Glycosyltransferases: Meet the Sugar Workersmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Moreover, the Ca 2+capacitor hypothesis does not exclude any other roles of type II AG. At any rate, the Ca 2+ -capacitor hypothesis is so far supported at the genetic level by mutant plants lacking several type II AG specific glucuronyl transferases (Knoch et al, 2013;Lopez-Hernandez et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020).…”
Section: What Is the Function Of Type II Arabinogalactan O-linked Glymentioning
confidence: 99%