Calcium/Ask1/MKK7/JNK2/c-Src signalling cascade mediates disruption of intestinal epithelial tight junctions by dextran sulfate sodium

Samak, Geetha; Chaudhry, Kamaljit K.; Gangwar, Ruchika; Narayanan, Damodaran; Jaggar, Jonathan H.; Rao, Radhakrishna

doi:10.1042/bj20140450

Cited by 81 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Some have reported that TNFa-induced activation of NFkB and subsequent upregulation of MLCK triggers cytoskeletal activation, disruption of tight junctions, and enhanced permeability (Ma et al, 2005;Ye et al, 2006;Al-Sadi et al, 2016). Others have reported that ZO-1 relocalization can be driven by the activation of JNK1/2 signaling (Samak et al, 2014(Samak et al, , 2015Zhang et al, 2015). Interestingly, activation of the PXR has been reported to interact with both of these pathways (Zhou et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnane X Receptor Activation Attenuates Inflammation-Associated Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction by Inhibiting Cytokine-Induced Myosin Light-Chain Kinase Expression and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1/2 Activation

Garg¹,

Zhao²,

Erickson³

et al. 2016

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

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The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory disorders with a complex etiology. IBD is thought to arise in genetically susceptible individuals in the context of aberrant interactions with the intestinal microbiota and other environmental risk factors. Recently, the pregnane X receptor (PXR) was identified as a sensor for microbial metabolites, whose activation can regulate the intestinal epithelial barrier. Mutations in NR1I2, the gene that encodes the PXR, have been linked to IBD, and in animal models, PXR deletion leads to barrier dysfunction. In the current study, we sought to assess the mechanism(s) through which the PXR regulates barrier function during inflammation. In Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cell monolayers, tumor necrosis factor-a/interferon-g exposure disrupted the barrier and triggered zonula occludens-1 relocalization, increased expression of myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), and activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2).Activation of the PXR [rifaximin and [[3,5-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]ethenylidene]bis-phosphonic acid tetraethyl ester (SR12813); 10 mM] protected the barrier, an effect that was associated with attenuated MLCK expression and JNK1/2 activation. In vivo, activation of the PXR [pregnenolone 16a-carbonitrile (PCN)] attenuated barrier disruption induced by toll-like receptor 4 activation in wild-type, but not Pxr2/2, mice. Furthermore, PCN treatment protected the barrier in the dextran-sulfate sodium model of experimental colitis, an effect that was associated with reduced expression of mucosal MLCK and phosphorylated JNK1/2. Together, our data suggest that the PXR regulates the intestinal epithelial barrier during inflammation by modulating cytokineinduced MLCK expression and JNK1/2 activation. Thus, targeting the PXR may prove beneficial for the treatment of inflammationassociated barrier disruption in the context of IBD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnane X Receptor Activation Attenuates Inflammation-Associated Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction by Inhibiting Cytokine-Induced Myosin Light-Chain Kinase Expression and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1/2 Activation

Garg¹,

Zhao²,

Erickson³

et al. 2016

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

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“…A significant body of evidence indicates that the disruption of intestinal epithelial TJ and elevated gut permeability to macromolecules play crucial role in the pathogenesis of many gastrointestinal diseases [12-15]. Recent studies demonstrated that different types of cellular stress affect the integrity of intestinal epithelial TJ and induce barrier dysfunction [16-19]. Evidence also suggests that acute bio-behavioral stress may affect the TJ in mouse intestinal epithelium in vivo [5-8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies suggested that cell signaling involving intracellular calcium [Ca 2+ ] i ), c-jun N-terminal kinase-2 (JNK2) and c-Src may be involved in TJ disruption by osmotic stress [18, 19], dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) [16] and cyclic stretch in the intestinal epithelium [17]. [Ca 2+ ] i mediates stress-induced activation of JNK2 and c-Src, but the link between these signaling elements is unknown, as neither JNK2 nor c-Src are unknown to be activated directly by Ca 2+ .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium-mediated oxidative stress: a common mechanism in tight junction disruption by different types of cellular stress

Gangwar

Meena

Shukla

et al. 2017

Biochemical Journal

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The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in osmotic stress, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and cyclic stretch-induced tight junction disruption was investigated in Caco-2 cell monolayers in vitro, and restraint stress-induced barrier dysfunction in mouse colon in vivo. Live cell imaging showed that osmotic stress, cyclic stretch and DSS triggered rapid production of ROS in Caco-2 cell monolayers, which was blocked by depletion of intracellular Ca2+ by BAPTA. Knockdown of CaV1.3 or TRPV6 channels blocked osmotic stress and DSS-induced ROS production and attenuated tight junction disruption and barrier dysfunction. N-acetyl L-cysteine (NAC) and L-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) blocked stress-induced tight junction disruption and barrier dysfunction. NAC and L-NAME also blocked stress-induced activation of JNK and c-Src. ROS was co-localized with the mitochondrial marker in stressed cells. Cyclosporin A blocked osmotic stress and DSS-induced ROS production, barrier dysfunction, tight junction disruption and JNK activation. Mitochondria-targeted Mito-TEMPO blocked osmotic stress and DSS-induced barrier dysfunction and tight junction disruption. Chronic restraint stress in mice resulted in the elevation of intracellular Ca2+, activation of JNK and c-Src, and disruption of tight junction in the colonic epithelium. Furthermore, corticosterone administration induced JNK and c-Src activation, tight junction disruption and protein thiol oxidation in colonic mucosa. This study demonstrates that oxidative stress is a common signal in the mechanism of tight junction disruption in the intestinal epithelium by different types of cellular stress in vitro and bio behavioral stress in vivo.

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“…Cells were seeded in 6-well plates and transfected at 60-70% confluence with miR-135a mimic or the mimic NC using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions [30]. After transfection for 48 h, the transfected cells were treatment with 2% DSS or S3I-201 for 4 days for further assays.…”

Section: Transfection Of Mirnamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cells maintained at 37°C in a humidified chamber of 5% CO 2 [29,30]. 100 μM S3I-201, an inhibitor of STAT3, was purchased from Calbiochem (La Jolla, CA, USA) and incubated for 1 h prior to DSS treatment [31].…”

Section: Cell Lines and Cell Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

miR-135a Protects Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Inflammation in Human Colorectal Cell Lines by Activating STAT3 Signal

Zhang

Liu

Shang

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: miR-135a is reduced in several cancers and has been suggested to mediate immune and inflammatory responses. However, the effect of miR-135a on inflammatory bowel diseases was obscure. This study firstly attempted to investigate the hypothesis that miR-135a alleviates dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced inflammation in colonic cells and potential mechanisms are also studied. Methods: Caco-2 and HT-29 cells in this study were treated with DSS, miR-135a mimic, and S3I-201, and then CKK-8 assay was used to test cell viability. Expressions of miR-135a, cytokines, and signal transducers and activators of transcription factors (STATs) were determined by RT-PCR. Also, cytokine productions were further tested by using ELISA kits. Activation or inactivation of STAT3 signal was validated by western blotting analysis. Results: The results showed that DSS markedly downregulated miR-135a expression (P< 0.05) and induced inflammatory response in Caco-2 and HT-29 cells evidenced by the up regulations and productions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-ɑ (TNF-ɑ) (P< 0.05). Transfection with miR-135a mimic significantly alleviated DSS-induced upregulation and productions of IL-1β and TNF-ɑ in Caco-2 and HT-29 cells (P< 0.05). STATs were analyzed and miR-135a mimic treatment reversed STAT3 downregulation in DSS-challenged Caco-2 and HT-29 cells compared with the mimic control (P< 0.05). Also, STAT3 phosphorylation was inhibited in DSS-challenged Caco-2 cells and miR-135a mimic activated STAT3 signal (P< 0.05). S3I-201, an inhibitor of STAT3 signal, further used to inactivate STAT3 signal and the results showed that S3I-201 blocked the anti-inflammatory effect of miR-135a mimic on Caco-2 and HT-29 cells evidenced by the lowered expressions and productions of proinflammatory cytokines ((IL-1β and TNF-ɑ) (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that miR-135a alleviated DSS-induced inflammation and activated STAT3 signal in colonic cells. Inhibition of STAT3 reversed the anti-inflammatory function of miR-135a by regulating proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, STAT3 signal might serve, at least in part, as the potential mechanism of miR-135a-mediated anti-inflammatory effect in colonic cells.

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Calcium/Ask1/MKK7/JNK2/c-Src signalling cascade mediates disruption of intestinal epithelial tight junctions by dextran sulfate sodium

Cited by 81 publications

References 40 publications

Pregnane X Receptor Activation Attenuates Inflammation-Associated Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction by Inhibiting Cytokine-Induced Myosin Light-Chain Kinase Expression and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1/2 Activation

Pregnane X Receptor Activation Attenuates Inflammation-Associated Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction by Inhibiting Cytokine-Induced Myosin Light-Chain Kinase Expression and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1/2 Activation

Calcium-mediated oxidative stress: a common mechanism in tight junction disruption by different types of cellular stress

miR-135a Protects Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Inflammation in Human Colorectal Cell Lines by Activating STAT3 Signal

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