Calcium and vitamin D intake influence bone mass, but not short-term fracture risk, in Caucasian postmenopausal women from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment (NORA) study

Nieves, Jeri W.; Barrett‐Connor, Elizabeth; Siris, Ethel S.; Zion, Marsha; Barlas, Suna; Chen, Y. T.

doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0501-2

Cited by 58 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A recent study of Caucasian postmenopausal women from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment study (NORA) reported that lifetime current vitamin D intakes were also associated with reduced risk for osteoporosis over three years, OR 0.73 (95% CI: 0.66-0.81) (15). In a meta-analysis realized for Bischoff-Ferrari and cols.…”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional aspects of the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

Peters

Martini

2010

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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SummaryOsteoporosis is a global health problem characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Nutrition plays a critical role in reducing the risk of osteoporosis through its effect on all of these fragility factors, especially on the development and maintenance of bone mass. An adequate calcium, vitamin D and protein intake resulted in reduced bone remodeling, better calcium retention, reduced age-related bone loss, and reduced fracture risk. Recent evidence indicates that a healthy dietary pattern including dairy products (mainly fat free), fruit and vegetables and adequate amounts of meat, fish and poultry is positively related to bone health. Furthermore, mineral and vitamin supplementation should be closely monitored by health professionals since it could have adverse effects and be insufficient to ensure optimal protection of bone health. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(2):179-85 Keywords Osteoporosis; bone mass; nutrition intake; calcium; vitamin D; protein SumárioA osteoporose é um problema de saúde global, caracterizada por baixa massa óssea e deterioração da microarquitetura do tecido ósseo, com consequente aumento da fragilidade óssea e suscetibilidade a fraturas. A nutrição desempenha um papel fundamental na redução do risco de osteoporose por seu efeito sobre todos os fatores relacionados à fragilidade óssea, principalmente no desenvolvimento e na manutenção da massa óssea. Uma adequada ingestão de cálcio, vitamina D e proteína leva à redução da remodelação óssea, à maior retenção de cálcio, à redução da perda óssea relacionada à idade e à redução do risco de fraturas. Evidências recentes indicam que uma alimentação saudável, incluindo a ingestão de produtos lácteos (principalmente os desnatados), frutas e verduras, e uma quantidade adequada de carnes, peixes e aves, está relacionada positivamente com a saúde óssea. Além disso, a suplementação de vitaminas e minerais deve ser monitorada de perto, por profissionais de saúde, uma vez que pode ter efeitos adversos e ser insuficiente para assegurar uma eficaz proteção à saúde óssea.Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(2):179-85

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Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional aspects of the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

Peters

Martini

2010

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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“…The association between calcium intake and bone mineral density (BMD) is not straightforward [11]. The regular intake of milk during childhood positively influences bone density in adults [6,12]; however, in pre-and post-menopausal women and in elderly men, calcium appears to show a threshold effect; thus, a very low calcium intake correlates with a very low BMD, while an intake above the recommended amounts does not produce additional benefits [2,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study population has been characterized by interviewing each subject regarding changeable and not-changeable fracture risk factors [11,15]. Besides age and gender, anthropometric parameters such as height, weight, and ethnicity were evaluated.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcium intake, bone mineral density, and fragility fractures: evidence from an Italian outpatient population

Vannucci

Masi²,

Gronchi

et al. 2017

Arch Osteoporos

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Summary This study was performed in 1000 adult Italian subjects to focus on the effects of dietary calcium intake on bone health. A higher fracture risk appears to be associated with a reduced calcium intake. An adequate daily calcium intake is recommended to counteract osteoporotic fractures. Purpose The principal aim of the present study was to focus on the effects of dietary calcium intake on bone mineral density (BMD) and fragility fractures in a representative sample of an adult Italian outpatient population. Methods The study group consisted of 1000 consecutive adult Italian subjects [838 women (F) and 162 men (M)] referred to the Bone Metabolic Diseases Unit for the evaluation of their bone metabolism. Daily dietary calcium intake was assessed using a specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Other evaluations included fracture risk, lumbar and femoral BMD, heel ultrasound, fragility fractures, plasma concentration of parathyroid hormone ([PTH]) and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D ([25(OH)D]), and urinary calcium. Results Only 10.4% of the subjects (n = 104; 71 F and 33 M) had a daily calcium intake adequate for adults (≥1000 mg/ day). No correlation was found between calcium intake and BMD. The transition from a daily dietary calcium intake <400 mg/day to a daily dietary calcium intake ≥400 mg/day was associated with a reduced fracture probability ratio at any site [from 42 to 21% (p < 0.05)]. Subjects with one or more vertebral fractures had a significantly lower dietary calcium intake (<400 mg/day) than did subjects without vertebral fractures, and they practiced physical activity only occasionally (p = 0.030). Conclusions Daily dietary calcium intake is lower than the recommended daily intake in an Italian ambulatory population, and a higher fracture risk appears to be associated with a reduced calcium intake. An age-adequate daily calcium intake, combined with regular physical activity, is strongly recommended in order to counteract fragility fractures.

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“…Calcium intake, particularly through dairy foods (reviewed in [55,56]), can substantially decrease the risk for osteoporosis and fractures [54,93,110]. Similarly, vitamin D supplementation of 700 to 800 IU per day can reduce the risk of hip and nonvertebral fractures by approximately 25% [11], likely as a result of both increased BMD [10] and a decreased risk for falls [9].…”

Section: Environmental Factors Affecting Whole Bone Mechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole Bone Mechanics and Bone Quality

Cole

Meulen

2011

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

133

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Background The skeleton plays a critical structural role in bearing functional loads, and failure to do so results in fracture. As we evaluate new therapeutics and consider treatments to prevent skeletal fractures, understanding the basic mechanics underlying whole bone testing and the key principles and characteristics contributing to the structural strength of a bone is critical. Questions/purposes We therefore asked: (1) How are whole bone mechanical tests performed and what are the key outcomes measured? (2) How do the intrinsic characteristics of bone tissue contribute to the mechanical properties of a whole bone? (3) What are the effects of extrinsic characteristics on whole bone mechanical behavior? (4) Do environmental factors affect whole bone mechanical properties? Methods We conducted a PubMed search using specific search terms and limiting our included articles to those related to in vitro testing of whole bones. Basic solid mechanics concepts are summarized in the context of whole bone testing and the determinants of whole bone behavior. Results Whole bone mechanical tests measure structural stiffness and strength from load-deformation data. Whole bone stiffness and strength are a function of total bone mass and the tissue geometric distribution and material properties. Age, sex, genetics, diet, and activity contribute to bone structural performance and affect the incidence of skeletal fractures. Conclusions Understanding and preventing skeletal fractures is clinically important. Laboratory tests of whole bone strength are currently the only measures for in vivo fracture prediction. In the future, combined imaging and engineering models may be able to predict whole bone strength noninvasively.

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Calcium and vitamin D intake influence bone mass, but not short-term fracture risk, in Caucasian postmenopausal women from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment (NORA) study

Abstract: Thus, higher calcium and vitamin D intakes significantly reduced the odds of osteoporosis but not the 3-year risk of fracture in these Caucasian women.

Cited by 58 publications

References 33 publications

Nutritional aspects of the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

Nutritional aspects of the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

Calcium intake, bone mineral density, and fragility fractures: evidence from an Italian outpatient population

Whole Bone Mechanics and Bone Quality

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