Calcium and sodium as regulators of the recovery of four Daphnia species along a gradient of metal and base cations in metal contaminated lakes in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada

Celis-Salgado, Martha Patricia; Keller, Wendel; Yan, Norman D.

doi:10.4081/jlimnol.2016.1271

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…These metal concentrations were chosen for two reasons. First, they are representative of existing levels of nickel and copper pollution in historically polluted lakes in the Sudbury region, Ontario, Canada where D. pulex is present (Keller and Yan 1991; Celis-Salgado et al 2016). Second, preliminary 14-day toxicity tests indicated that these concentrations have no detectable effects on survival or reproduction in this lineage in the medium used (unpublished data).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness and Genomic Consequences of Chronic Exposure to Low Levels of Copper and Nickel inDaphnia pulexMutation Accumulation Lines

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Flynn

Chain

et al. 2019

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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In at least some unicellular organisms, mutation rates are temporarily raised upon exposure to environmental stress, potentially contributing to the evolutionary response to stress. Whether this is true for multicellular organisms, however, has received little attention. This study investigated the effects of chronic mild stress, in the form of low-level copper and nickel exposure, on mutational processes in Daphnia pulex using a combination of mutation accumulation, whole genome sequencing and life-history assays. After over 100 generations of mutation accumulation, we found no effects of metal exposure on the rates of single nucleotide mutations and of loss of heterozygosity events, the two mutation classes that occurred in sufficient numbers to allow statistical analysis. Similarly, rates of decline in fitness, as measured by intrinsic rate of population increase and of body size at first reproduction, were negligibly affected by metal exposure. We can reject the possibility that Daphnia were insufficiently stressed to invoke genetic responses as we have previously shown rates of large-scale deletions and duplications are elevated under metal exposure in this experiment. Overall, the mutation accumulation lines did not significantly depart from initial values for phenotypic traits measured, indicating the lineage used was broadly mutationally robust. Taken together, these results indicate that the mutagenic effects of chronic low-level exposure to these metals are restricted to certain mutation classes and that fitness consequences are likely minor and therefore unlikely to be relevant in determining the evolutionary responses of populations exposed to these stressors.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness and Genomic Consequences of Chronic Exposure to Low Levels of Copper and Nickel inDaphnia pulexMutation Accumulation Lines

Bull

Flynn

Chain

et al. 2019

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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“…In addition, fertilization was accompanied by other changes in water chemistry that may have influenced metal toxicity [46]. For example, laboratory analyses show that daphniid metal sensitivity increases when accompanied by low concentrations of calcium [62], an element that has declined in Alexander Lake, Roseland Lake and Black Pond after around 1970 [46]. Although further research is needed to differentiate among these mechanisms, together our findings suggest that complex hierarchical interactions between eutrophication and metal pollution may control daphniid community composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Daphniid zooplankton assemblage shifts in response to eutrophication and metal contamination during the Anthropocene

2017

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Human activities during the Anthropocene result in habitat degradation that has been associated with biodiversity loss and taxonomic homogenization of ecological communities. Here we estimated effects of eutrophication and heavy metal contamination, separately and in combination, in explaining zooplankton species composition during the past 125-145 years using analysis of daphniid diapausing egg banks from four lakes in the northeastern USA. We then examined how these community shifts influenced patterns of diversity and homogenization. Analysis of past lake production (via subfossil pigments) and metal contamination (via sedimentary metals) demonstrated that eutrophication alone (19-39%) and in combination with metal pollution (17-54%) explained 36-79% of historical variation in daphniid species relative abundances in heavily fertilized lakes. In contrast, metal pollution alone explained the majority (72%) of historical variation in daphniid assemblages at the oligotrophic site. Several species colonization events in eutrophying lakes resulted in increased species richness and gamma diversity through time. At the same time, daphniid assemblages in three eutrophied lakes became more similar to each other (homogenized), but this pattern was only seen when accounting for species presence/absence. We did not observe consistent patterns of divergence between the assemblages in the eutrophying lakes and the low-nutrient reference site. Given the pervasive nature of fertilization and metal pollution, and the sensitivity of cladocerans to these factors, we suggest that many inhabited lake districts may already exhibit similar patterns of daphniid assemblage shifts.

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“…6), and on one occasion this theoretical difference has been confirmed in a comparative bioassay. In 2007, Celis- Salgado et al (2016) assessed the toxicity of filtered epilimnetic waters from Middle and Clearwater lakes to a single clone of each of four Daphnia species (D. pulex, pulicaria, mendotae and ambigua) that had been isolated from soft-water lakes in Ontario. Mortality was complete for all four species in the Clearwater Lake assays over 14 days, while Middle Lake waters were less toxic for three of the species, permitting 90, 80 and 40% survival of the D. pulex, D. pulicaria and mendotae clones, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arrive, survive and thrive: essential stages in the re-colonization and recovery of zooplankton in urban lakes in Sudbury, Canada

et al. 2016

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Calcium and sodium as regulators of the recovery of four Daphnia species along a gradient of metal and base cations in metal contaminated lakes in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada

Abstract: Smelting of sulphur-rich metallic ores in

Cited by 12 publications

References 80 publications

Fitness and Genomic Consequences of Chronic Exposure to Low Levels of Copper and Nickel inDaphnia pulexMutation Accumulation Lines

Fitness and Genomic Consequences of Chronic Exposure to Low Levels of Copper and Nickel inDaphnia pulexMutation Accumulation Lines

Daphniid zooplankton assemblage shifts in response to eutrophication and metal contamination during the Anthropocene

Arrive, survive and thrive: essential stages in the re-colonization and recovery of zooplankton in urban lakes in Sudbury, Canada

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