Calcium and signal transduction

Gomperts, Bastien D.; Kramer, IJsbrand M.; Tatham, Peter E.R.

doi:10.1016/b978-012289631-6/50027-2

Cited by 110 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This in turn, functions to activate a diverse cascade of signaling pathways which ultimately culminate in the regulation of global cellular processes [49,[55][56][57]. Consequently, phosphorylation is recognized to be the most wide-spread, post-translational modification regulating both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells [49,55].…”

Section: Protein Kinasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SLK-mediated phosphorylation of paxillin is required for focal adhesion turnover and cell migration

Baron

et al. 2012

Oncogene

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Section: Protein Kinasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SLK-mediated phosphorylation of paxillin is required for focal adhesion turnover and cell migration

Baron

et al. 2012

Oncogene

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“…Since Ca 2þ was identified as a second messenger, [Ca 2þ ] i has been shown to be involved in regulating numerous cellular processes, including gene expression, proliferation and cell death (Gomperts et al, 2003). There are two ways in which cells can increase the [Ca 2þ ] i : firstly by the release of Ca 2þ from internal Ca 2þ containing stores and secondly by increasing permeability to extracellular Ca 2þ , and it is the regulation of these processes, both temporally and spatially, in response to stimuli that is Ca 2þ signalling.…”

Section: Ca 2d Signalling In the Lensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanisms of calcium homeostasis and signalling in the lens

Rhodes

Sanderson

2009

Experimental Eye Research

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a b s t r a c tExcessive Ca 2þ can be detrimental to cells and raised levels of Ca 2þ in human lenses with cortical cataract have been found to play a major role in the opacification process. Ca 2þ homeostasis is therefore, recognised as having fundamental importance in lens pathophysiology. Furthermore, Ca 2þ plays a central role as a second messenger in cell signalling and mechanisms have evolved which give cells exquisite control over intracellular Ca 2þ ([Ca 2þ ] i ) via an array of specialised regulatory and signalling proteins. In this review we discuss these mechanisms as they apply to the lens. Ca 2þ levels in human aqueous humour are approximately 1 mM and there is a large, 10,000 fold, inwardly directed gradient across the plasma membrane. In the face of such a large gradient highly efficient mechanisms are needed to maintain low [Ca 2þ ] i . The Na þ /Ca 2þ exchanger (NCX) and plasma membrane Ca 2þ -ATPase (PMCA) actively remove Ca 2þ from the cells, whereas the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca 2þ -ATPase (SERCA) sequesters Ca 2þ in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca 2þ store. In lens epithelial cells the dominant role is played by the ATPases, whilst in the fibre cells NCX activity appears to be more important. Usually, [Ca 2þ ] i can be increased in a number of ways. Ca 2þ influx through the plasma membrane, for example, is mediated by an array of channels with evidence in the lens for the presence of voltage-operated Ca 2þ channels (VOCCs), receptor-operated Ca 2þ channels (ROCCs) and channels mediating store-operated Ca 2þ entry (SOCE). Ca 2þ signalling is initiated via activation of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) of which the lens expresses a surprisingly diverse array responding to various neurotransmitters, hormones, growth factors, autocoids and proteases. Downstream of plasma membrane receptors are IP 3 -gated channels (IP 3 Rs) and ryanodine receptors (RYRs) located in the ER, which when activated cause a rapid increase in [Ca 2þ ] i and these have also been identified in the lens. Through an appreciation of the diversity and complexity of the mechanisms involved in Ca 2þ homeostasis in normal lens cells we move closer to an understanding of the mechanisms which mediate pathological Ca 2þ overload as occurs in the process of cataract formation.

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“…DAG is retained in the membrane while Ins(1,4,5)P 3 diffuses into the cytosol (Gomperts et al, 2003). We only consider DAG in our analysis since we are only modelling the reactions on the membrane.…”

Section: Plc-dag-pip 2 Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

A mathematical modelling framework for understanding chemorepulsive signal transduction in Dictyostelium

Alam-Nazki

Krishnan

2010

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Chemorepulsion is the process by which an organism or a cell moves in the direction of decreasing chemical concentration. While a few experimental studies have been performed, no mathematical models exist for this process. In this paper we have modelled gradient sensing, the first subprocess of chemorepulsion, in D. discoideum-a well characterized model eukaryotic system. We take the first steps towards achieving a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of chemorepulsion in this system. We have used, as a basis, the biochemical network of the Keizer-Gunnink et al. (2007)

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Calcium and signal transduction

Cited by 110 publications

References 40 publications

SLK-mediated phosphorylation of paxillin is required for focal adhesion turnover and cell migration

SLK-mediated phosphorylation of paxillin is required for focal adhesion turnover and cell migration

The mechanisms of calcium homeostasis and signalling in the lens

A mathematical modelling framework for understanding chemorepulsive signal transduction in Dictyostelium

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