Calcitonin-Negative Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Thyroid: A Distinct Clinical Entity

Chernyavsky, Victoriya S.; Farghani, Saima; Davidov, Tomer; Ma, Li; Barnard, Nicola; Amorosa, Louis F.; Trooskin, Stanley Z.

doi:10.1089/thy.2010.0299

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…nonmedullary NET has previously been reported, which expressed Tg, synaptophysin, and chromogranin A, but not calcitonin by immunostaining, indicating a follicular cell origin (4). In the present case, the expression of three markers of neuroendocrine differentiation, but not of calcitonin nor CEA, were demonstrated.…”

supporting

confidence: 56%

“…Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of the thyroid other than medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), which is calcitonin positive, is extremely rare, and only one case of calcitoninnegative NET of the thyroid has previously been reported (4). That case was not associated with any history of radiation exposure and was histologically of the well-differentiated type, in which absence of mitotic activity, vascular invasion, and necrosis were noted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiation-Associated Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report with Molecular Analyses

Mussazhanova

Maeda

Stanojević

et al. 2014

Thyroid

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Background: Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of the thyroid other than medullary carcinoma is extremely rare. We describe here a case of calcitonin-negative small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC), which occurred in a thyroid gland that had previously been irradiated at high dose (60Gy) for pharyngeal cancer, with molecular analyses for follicular cell origin. Patient Findings: The tumor cells were small with fine chromatin, inconspicuous nucleoli, and inapparent cytoplasm, and showed neuroendocrine architectures such as palisading, rosettes, and trabeculae. Mitotic figures were numerous exceeding 10 mitoses per 10 high-power fields. The tumor cells invaded into several vessels and metastasized to regional lymph nodes. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were strongly positive for neuroendocrine markers and thyroglobulin (Tg), a marker of thyroid follicular cells but negative for calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Expression of Tg and thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Ki-67 labeling index was more than 70% in the tumor cells. Taken together, the tumor was diagnosed as SCNEC of the thyroid. Genetic analyses also revealed microsatellite abnormalities of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene, suggesting that functional loss of PTEN contributes to carcinogenesis. Conclusions: This is the first report describing a SCNEC of the thyroid with molecular analyses that provide evidence for a follicular epithelial origin.

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supporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-Associated Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report with Molecular Analyses

Mussazhanova

Maeda

Stanojević

et al. 2014

Thyroid

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“…The first case of a calcitonin-negative nonmedullary NET of the thyroid was reported by Chernyavsky et al 2 In that case report, synaptophysin and chromogranin A were positive for neuroendocrine markers, and Tg was positive as follicular markers. On histopathologic examination, the tumor has not had mitotic activity, vascular invasion, or necrosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…They are mostly seen in midline organs, such as the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, intestine, and lung. 2 The NETs have similar features with characteristic immunohistochemical and serum markers, but the biology of the tumor may differ according to tumor type. 3 Parafollicular C cells are one of the neural crest cells migrating from neural crest to thyroid gland, located in basal cells of thyroid follicle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Calcitonin-negative Neuroendocrine Tumor

Özden¹,

Çolak²,

Saylam³

et al. 2017

World Journal of Endocrine Surgery

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Introduction: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the thyroid are rare tumors. Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an exact NET of the thyroid gland, arising from the parafollicular cells (C cells). It has unique features like immunohistochemically and biochemically calcitonin positivity and amyloid deposits. In this case report, a rare thyroid tumor is presented, which has neuroendocrine staining properties and does not produce serum or cytoplasmic calcitonin.

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“…Not surprisingly, the diagnosis of thyroid paraganglioma is rarely established preoperatively by FNA biopsy or intraoperatively by frozen section. The histopathological features usually suggest medullary carcinoma 13 . This is due to the clustering of cells with granular cytoplasm and a richly vascularized stroma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%