Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits early B cell development in vivo

Schlomer, Jerome; Storey, Benjamin; Ciornei, Radu‐Tudor; McGillis, Joseph P.

doi:10.1189/jlb.0306229

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…CGRP inhibited the expression of surface immunoglobulin in response to LPS (McGillis et al, 1993, 1995). These studies suggest a crucial role for CGRP in early B cell differentiation, a finding supported by later studies (Fernandez et al, 2000; Schlomer et al, 2007). …”

Section: Cgrp Regulates Lymphocyte Differentiation and Cytokine Produsupporting

confidence: 66%

Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a key neurotransmitter in the neuro-immune axis

2014

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The question of how the neural and immune systems interact in host defense is important, integrating a system that senses the whole body with one that protects. Understanding the mechanisms and routes of control could produce novel and powerful ways of promoting and enhancing normal functions as well as preventing or treating abnormal functions. Fragmentation of biological research into specialities has resulted in some failures in recognizing and understanding interactions across different systems and this is most striking across immunology, hematology, and neuroscience. This reductionist approach does not allow understanding of the in vivo orchestrated response generated through integration of all systems. However, many factors make the understanding of multisystem cross-talk in response to a threat difficult, for instance the nervous and immune systems share communication molecules and receptors for a wide range of physiological signals. But, it is clear that physical, hard-wired connections exist between the two systems, with the key link involving sensory, unmyelinated nerve fibers (c fibers) containing the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and modified macrophages, mast cells and other immune and host defense cells in various locations throughout the body. In this review we will therefore focus on the induction of CGRP and its key role in the neuroimmune axis.

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Section: Cgrp Regulates Lymphocyte Differentiation and Cytokine Produsupporting

confidence: 66%

Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a key neurotransmitter in the neuro-immune axis

2014

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“…B cells can respond to treatment with CGRP in vitro , and CGRP hinders development of B cell precursors. Blocking CGRP receptors with the peptide antagonist CGRP8-37 prevented this CGRP-driven inhibition ( 136 ).…”

Section: Immune Cells In the Meningesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dural Immune Cells, CGRP, and Migraine

Balcziak

Russo

2022

Front. Neurol.

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Migraine is the most common neurological disorder in the world, affecting 12% of the population. Migraine involves the central nervous system, trigeminal nerves and meninges. Recent advances have shown that targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) through either antibodies or small molecule receptor antagonists is effective at reducing episodic and chronic migraine episodes, but these therapeutics are not effective in all patients. This suggests that migraine does not have a singular molecular cause but is likely due to dysregulated physiology of multiple mechanisms. An often-overlooked part of migraine is the potential involvement of the immune system. Clinical studies have shown that migraine patients may have dysregulation in their immune system, with abnormal plasma cytokine levels either during the attack or at baseline. In addition, those who are immunocompromised appear to be at a higher risk of migraine-like disorders. A recent study showed that migraine caused changes to transcription of immune genes in the blood, even following treatment with sumatriptan. The dura mater is densely packed with macrophages, mast and dendritic cells, and they have been found to associate with meningeal blood vessels and trigeminal afferent endings. Recent work in mice shows activation and morphological changes of these cells in rodents following the migraine trigger cortical spreading depression. Importantly, each of these immune cell types can respond directly to CGRP. Since immune cells make up a large portion of the dura, have functional responses to CGRP, and interact with trigeminal afferents, CGRP actions on the dural immune system are likely to play key roles in migraine.

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“…For instance, the peptide pA20-−36 could bind to the B-cell receptor (BCR) of A20 cells, 72 and the calcitonin gene-related peptide could inhibit early B-cell development. 73 In this study, CY highly depressed LPS-induced splenocytes proliferation, as shown in Figure 9. AC8 peptide could not increase the splenocytes proliferation induced by LPS in the mice treated by CY.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of Biocompatibility of the AC8 Peptide and Its Potential Use as a Drug Carrier

et al. 2014

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Peptide-based nanoparticles have emerged as promising drug delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy. Yet, the biocompatibility of these nanoparticles has not been elucidated. Here, the in vitro biocompatibility and toxicity and in vivo immunocompatibility and bioactivity of the self/coassembling peptide AC8 in its nanoparticle form are evaluated. AC8 showed minimal hemolytic activity (5%) and did not cause aggregation of red blood cells. The in vitro assay revealed that AC8 did not activate the complement system via the classical or alternative pathway but did activate the lectin pathway to a small extent. However, AC8 showed no C3a and C5a anaphylotoxin activation suggesting that complement activation did not proceed to the later, inflammatory, stages. The in vivo immune response assay showed that administration of AC8 to BALB/c mice had no effect on the weight of immune organs or body weight of mice at doses less than 0.1 mg/kg. This peptide also did not have any effect on the expression of CD3+ T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T-cell, and the proliferation of B-cells. These results suggest that AC8 can be a potential carrier candidate for drug delivery.

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Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits early B cell development in vivo

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a key neurotransmitter in the neuro-immune axis

Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a key neurotransmitter in the neuro-immune axis

Dural Immune Cells, CGRP, and Migraine

Evaluation of Biocompatibility of the AC8 Peptide and Its Potential Use as a Drug Carrier

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