Calcification state of coccolithophores can be assessed by light scatter depolarization measurements with flow cytometry

Dassow, Peter von; Engh, Ger van den; Iglesias-Rodríguez, Debora; Gittins, John R.

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbs061

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…3A and C), it did show a~20% increase in SSC ( Fig. 3B and C), which has been previously documented and attributed to changes in the cell membrane during acclimation to low calcium concentrations (Von Dassow et al, 2012). This method of acclimating cells to different calcium concentrations was previously shown to effectively lower cellular PIC, while allowing a similar growth physiology (identical growth rates and culture dynamics; Herfort et al, 2004;Trimborn et al, 2007).…”

Section: Manipulating Calcification State and Host-virus Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 73%

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The mutual interplay between calcification and coccolithovirus infection

Johns

Grubb

Nissimov

et al. 2018

Environmental Microbiology

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Two prominent characteristics of marine coccolithophores are their secretion of coccoliths and their susceptibility to infection by coccolithoviruses (EhVs), both of which display variation among cells in culture and in natural populations. We examined the impact of calcification on infection by challenging a variety of Emiliania huxleyi strains at different calcification states with EhVs of different virulence. Reduced cellular calcification was associated with increased infection and EhV production, even though calcified cells and associated coccoliths had significantly higher adsorption coefficients than non-calcified (naked) cells. Sialic acid glycosphingolipids, molecules thought to mediate EhV infection, were generally more abundant in calcified cells and enriched in purified, sorted coccoliths, suggesting a biochemical link between calcification and adsorption rates. In turn, viable EhVs impacted cellular calcification absent of lysis by inducing dramatic shifts in optical side scatter signals and a massive release of detached coccoliths in a subpopulation of cells, which could be triggered by resuspension of healthy, calcified host cells in an EhV-free, 'induced media'. Our findings show that calcification is a key component of the E. huxleyi-EhV arms race and an aspect that is critical both to the modelling of these host-virus interactions in the ocean and interpreting their impact on the global carbon cycle.

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Section: Manipulating Calcification State and Host-virus Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…A and C), it did show a ~ 20% increase in SSC (Fig. B and C), which has been previously documented and attributed to changes in the cell membrane during acclimation to low calcium concentrations (Von Dassow et al ., ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The mutual interplay between calcification and coccolithovirus infection

Johns

Grubb

Nissimov

et al. 2018

Environmental Microbiology

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“…7c; Table 5). The relative forward scatter depolarization (a proxy for the amount of calcite on a cell (see Von Dassow et al, 2012) was decreased significantly under high CO 2 and low pH ( Fig. 7d; Table 5), an effect which varied among strains (Table 5) and was strongest in strain CHC352.…”

Section: Responses Of Different E Huxleyi Morphotypes To High Co 2 Amentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Clonal isolates of coccolithophores were obtained from some stations through isolation of calcified cells using an Influx Mariner cell sorter as described previously (Von Dassow et al, 2012;Bendif et al, 2016). During the NBP cruise, the Influx Mariner was in a portable onboard laboratory and isolation of coccolithophores occurred within 6 h of sample collection.…”

Section: Isolation Of E Huxleyi Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cells were distinguished by red fluorescence (at 692 nm; due to chlorophyll). Detached coccoliths and calcified cells were distinguished as previously described (Von Dassow et al, 2012). Briefly, calcite-containing particles are above the diagonal formed from optically inactive particles on a plot of forward scatter with polarization orthogonal to the laser vs. forward scatter with polarization parallel to the laser.…”

Section: Sem and Flow Cytometric Assessments And Analyses Of Coccolithsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Over-calcified forms of the coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> in high-CO<sub>2</sub> waters are not preadapted to ocean acidification

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Marine multicellular organisms inhabiting waters with natural high fluctuations in pH appear more tolerant to acidification than conspecifics occurring in nearby stable waters, suggesting that environments of fluctuating pH hold genetic reservoirs for adaptation of key groups to ocean acidification (OA). The abundant and cosmopolitan calcifying phytoplankton Emiliania huxleyi exhibits a range of morphotypes with varying degrees of coccolith mineralization. We show that E. huxleyi populations in the naturally acidified upwelling waters of the eastern South Pacific, where pH drops below 7.8 as is predicted for the global surface ocean by the year 2100, are dominated by exceptionally over-calcified morphotypes whose distal coccolith shield can be almost solid calcite. Shifts in morphotype composition of E. huxleyi populations correlate with changes in carbonate system parameters. We tested if these correlations indicate that the hyper-calcified morphotype is adapted to OA. In experimental exposures to present-day vs. future pCO2 (400 vs. 1200 µatm), the over-calcified morphotypes showed the same growth inhibition (−29.1±6.3 %) as moderately calcified morphotypes isolated from non-acidified water (−30.7±8.8 %). Under the high-CO2–low-pH condition, production rates of particulate organic carbon (POC) increased, while production rates of particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) were maintained or decreased slightly (but not significantly), leading to lowered PIC ∕ POC ratios in all strains. There were no consistent correlations of response intensity with strain origin. The high-CO2–low-pH condition affected coccolith morphology equally or more strongly in over-calcified strains compared to moderately calcified strains. High-CO2–low-pH conditions appear not to directly select for exceptionally over-calcified morphotypes over other morphotypes, but perhaps indirectly by ecologically correlated factors. More generally, these results suggest that oceanic planktonic microorganisms, despite their rapid turnover and large population sizes, do not necessarily exhibit adaptations to naturally high-CO2 upwellings, and this ubiquitous coccolithophore may be near the limit of its capacity to adapt to ongoing ocean acidification.

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Microfluidic Impedance Cytometry for Single‐Cell Particulate Inorganic Carbon:Particulate Organic Carbon Measurements of Calcifying Algae

et al. 2022

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Calcification state of coccolithophores can be assessed by light scatter depolarization measurements with flow cytometry

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

The mutual interplay between calcification and coccolithovirus infection

The mutual interplay between calcification and coccolithovirus infection

Over-calcified forms of the coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> in high-CO<sub>2</sub> waters are not preadapted to ocean acidification

Microfluidic Impedance Cytometry for Single‐Cell Particulate Inorganic Carbon:Particulate Organic Carbon Measurements of Calcifying Algae

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Calcification state of coccolithophores can be assessed by light scatter depolarization measurements with flow cytometry

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

The mutual interplay between calcification and coccolithovirus infection

The mutual interplay between calcification and coccolithovirus infection

Over-calcified forms of the coccolithophore &lt;i&gt;Emiliania huxleyi&lt;/i&gt; in high-CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; waters are not preadapted to ocean acidification

Microfluidic Impedance Cytometry for Single‐Cell Particulate Inorganic Carbon:Particulate Organic Carbon Measurements of Calcifying Algae

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Over-calcified forms of the coccolithophore <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> in high-CO<sub>2</sub> waters are not preadapted to ocean acidification