Calcification of the pancreas in cystic fibrosis

Iannaccone, G; Antonelli, M.

doi:10.1007/bf00977670

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Because there is fatty replacement of the exocrine gland [2] and increase of connective tissue, the pancreas is small and shows higher echogenicity [10,11]. Small cysts and calcifications [5] lead to an additional augmentation of the echogenicity [10,11]. Generally, these changes cannot be observed before school age [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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The increased echogenicity of the pancreas in infants and children: the white pancreas

Schneider¹,

Harms²,

Fendel³

1987

Eur J Pediatr

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An increased echogenicity of the pancreas ("white pancreas") was sonographically found in 25 children with various pancreatic and systemic diseases. Fifteen patients with cystic fibrosis had a small white pancreas. Five patients with haemosiderosis, two with pancreatitis and one with Shwachman-syndrome presented with a normal-sized or slightly enlarged pancreas. Fatty infiltration and calcifications of the pancreas can also increase its echogenicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Generally, cystic fibrosis is assumed to be the most common cause [5]. This is followed by chronic fibrosing pancreatitis which occurs as an idiopathic variety or as a sequel of the so-called "common channel syndrome" [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The increased echogenicity of the pancreas in infants and children: the white pancreas

Schneider¹,

Harms²,

Fendel³

1987

Eur J Pediatr

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“…Of interest, an increased prevalence of the CFTR gene mutation has been found in patients with idiopathic acute or chronic pancreatitis. A less common complication is pancreatic calcification, which typically occurs along the ducts and has a reported prevalence of 8% (22) (Fig 4).…”

Section: Acute Inflammatory Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cystic Fibrosis below the Diaphragm: Abdominal Findings in Adult Patients

Lavelle¹,

McEvoy²,

Mhurchu³

et al. 2015

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in the white population. Mutation of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene on chromosome 7 results in production of abnormally viscous mucus and secretions in the lungs of patients with CF. A similar pathologic process occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and hepatobiliary system. Inspissated mucus causes luminal obstruction and resultant clinical and radiologic complications associated with the disease process. Pancreatic involvement can result in exocrine and endocrine insufficiency, pancreatic atrophy, fatty replacement, or lipomatous pseudohypertrophy. Acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic calcification, cysts, and cystosis also occur. Hepatic manifestations include hepatic steatosis, focal biliary and multilobular cirrhosis, and portal hypertension. Biliary complications include cholelithiasis, microgallbladder, and sclerosing cholangitis. The entire digestive tract can be involved. Distal ileal obstruction syndrome, intussusception, appendicitis, chronic constipation, colonic wall thickening, fibrosing colonopathy, pneumatosis intestinalis, gastroesophageal reflux, and peptic ulcer disease have been described. Renal manifestations include nephrolithiasis and secondary amyloidosis. The educational objectives of this review are to reveal the abdominal manifestations of CF to facilitate focused analysis of cross-sectional imaging in adult patients. Life expectancy in patients with CF continues to improve because of a combination of aggressive antibiotic treatment, improved emphasis on nutrition and physiotherapy, and development of promising new CF transmembrane conductance regulator modulators. As lung function and survival improve, extrapulmonary conditions, including hepatic and gastrointestinal malignancy, will be an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality. Awareness of the expected abdominal manifestations of CF may assist radiologists in identifying acute inflammatory or neoplastic conditions. (©)RSNA, 2015.

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“…A disadvantage of MR imaging is the inability to reliably demonstrate small calcifications within the pancreas (8), which are also known to occur in patients with cystic fibrosis (19). These calcifications vary in size and shape from very fine punctate concretions to granular or flecked areas of increased opacity and are generally found within dilated pancreatic ducts following ductal and ductular obstruction by calcium-rich inspissated material (19).…”

Section: Pancreatic Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These calcifications vary in size and shape from very fine punctate concretions to granular or flecked areas of increased opacity and are generally found within dilated pancreatic ducts following ductal and ductular obstruction by calcium-rich inspissated material (19). The reported prevalence of pancreatic calcification varies, with a prevalence of up to 8% reported by Iannaccone and Antonelli (19) in a series of 60 patients with cystic fibrosis who underwent abdominal radiography.…”

Section: Pancreatic Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Manifestations of Cystic Fibrosis: MR Imaging Appearances

King

Scurr²,

Murugan³

et al. 2000

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Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR cholangiopancreatography are useful, noninvasive techniques for the assessment of pancreatic and hepatobiliary complications in cystic fibrosis. Abnormalities of the pancreas in cystic fibrosis are typically characterized by fat deposition, which has increased signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images, and pancreatic fibrosis, which has low signal intensity on both T1-and T2weighted images. Pancreatic cysts are a relatively common finding; these cysts are typically quite small but are well demonstrated at MR imaging and MR cholangiopancreatography. Pancreatic duct abnormalities are also occasionally seen. Hepatic manifestations range from hepatomegaly and diffuse fatty infiltration to severe cirrhosis with fibrotic change, regenerative nodules, and portal hypertension. Splenomegaly is often characterized by siderotic nodules that manifest as multiple focal areas of abnormal low signal intensity within the spleen. Biliary manifestations include cholelithiasis, stricturization, and narrowing or dilatation of intra-and extrahepatic bile ducts. Gallbladder abnormalities including microgallbladder are also readily demonstrated. MR cholangiopancreatography can be used to help determine the presence and severity of biliary complications without resorting to more invasive procedures and, in conjunction with MR imaging, may prove useful in the assessment of patients with cystic fibrosis who present with abdominal symptoms that suggest hepatobiliary involvement.Abbreviations: FLASH = fast low-angle shot, RARE = rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement

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Calcification of the pancreas in cystic fibrosis

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

The increased echogenicity of the pancreas in infants and children: the white pancreas

The increased echogenicity of the pancreas in infants and children: the white pancreas

Cystic Fibrosis below the Diaphragm: Abdominal Findings in Adult Patients

Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Manifestations of Cystic Fibrosis: MR Imaging Appearances

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