Calcific Aortic Valve Disease

DeToledo, John C.; Ramsay, R. Eugene

doi:10.5772/46239

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In vivo , VECs are adhered to basement membrane composed primarily of laminin, perlecan, collagen type IV, and nidogen proteins [40]. Though initially supported only by RKR and RGDS ligands, VECs on the HEAVM constructs secreted abundant quantities of laminin, perlecan, and collagen type IV proteins localized at the scaffold surface, resulting in an interwoven basement membrane to support long term endothelial growth (Figure 6A).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though initially supported only by RKR and RGDS ligands, VECs on the HEAVM constructs secreted abundant quantities of laminin, perlecan, and collagen type IV proteins localized at the scaffold surface, resulting in an interwoven basement membrane to support long term endothelial growth (Figure 6A). Within the scaffold, encapsulated VICs produced collagen fibers and fibronectin proteins throughout the hydrogel interior, both primary components of the leaflet fibrosa layer [28,29,40], suggesting the potential to produce other ECM present in mature valve tissues in future optimized conditions (Figure 6B). While the simplicity of the HEAVM design provided sufficient cell adhesion through the presentation of ECM-derived peptide ligands, long term co-culture of the valve cells in this scaffold promoted regional production and localization of full ECM proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3-Dimensional spatially organized PEG-based hydrogels for an aortic valve co-culture model

et al. 2015

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Physiologically relevant in vitro models are needed to study disease progression and to develop and screen potential therapeutic interventions for disease. Heart valve disease, in particular, has no early intervention or non-invasive treatment because there is a lack of understanding the cellular mechanisms which lead to disease. Here, we establish a novel, customizable synthetic hydrogel platform that can be used to study cell-cell interactions and the factors which contribute to valve disease. Spatially localized cell adhesive ligands bound in the scaffold promote cell growth and organization of valve interstitial cells and valve endothelial cells in 3D co-culture. Both cell types maintained phenotypes, homeostatic functions, and produced zonally localized extracellular matrix. This model extends the capabilities of in vitro research by providing a platform to perform direct contact co-culture with cells in their physiologically relevant spatial arrangement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3-Dimensional spatially organized PEG-based hydrogels for an aortic valve co-culture model

et al. 2015

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“…In developing countries, conversely, rheumatic disease is a common cause of valvular heart disease (2,3). Each year, more than 67 500 surgical aortic valve replacements (SAVRs) are performed in the United States, and over 275 000 are done worldwide (4)(5)(6). The number patient with aortic valve disease is expected to triple by 2050 due to aging populations and high incidence of rheumatic heart disease in developing countries (7)(8)(9)(10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Dynamic Characterization of Transcatheter Aortic Valves Using Particle Image Velocimetry

2018

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Transcatheter aortic valves provide superior systolic hemodynamic performance in terms of valvular pressure gradient and effective orifice area compared with equivalent size surgical bioprostheses. However, in depth investigation of the flow field structures is of interest to examine the flow field characteristics and provide experimental evidence necessary for validation of computational models. The goal of this study was to compare flow field characteristics of the three most commonly used transcatheter and surgical valves using phase-locked particle image velocimetry (PIV). 26-mm Edwards SAPIEN 3, 26-mm Medtronic CoreValve, and 25-mm Carpentier-Edwards PERIMOUNT Magna were examined in a pulse duplicator with input parameters matching ISO-5840, that is, heart rate of 70 beats/min, cardiac output of 5 L/min, and mean aortic pressure of 100 mm Hg. A 2D PIV system was used to obtain flow velocity and viscous shear stress fields during the entire cardiac cycle. In vitro testing showed that the mean transvalvular pressure gradient was lowest for SAPIEN 3, followed by CoreValve, and PERIMOUNT Magna surgical bioprosthesis. In addition, the viscous shear stress magnitude within the jet boundary layer was higher in PERIMOUNT Magna than CoreValve and SAPIEN 3 at the peak of the flow. However, the measured shear stress values were below the known threshold for platelet activation and red blood damage. Therefore, shear-induced platelet activation is unlikely to take place during systole in the three bioprosthetic heart valves. The PIV measurements can be used for verification and validation of computational simulations.

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Experimental Designs for In Vitro Assessment of Valve Thrombosis

Azadani

Dvir

2018

Cardiovascular Thrombus

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Calcific Aortic Valve Disease

Cited by 9 publications

References 49 publications

3-Dimensional spatially organized PEG-based hydrogels for an aortic valve co-culture model

3-Dimensional spatially organized PEG-based hydrogels for an aortic valve co-culture model

Fluid Dynamic Characterization of Transcatheter Aortic Valves Using Particle Image Velocimetry

Experimental Designs for In Vitro Assessment of Valve Thrombosis

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