Calcareous nannofossil paleoecology of the mid-Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway and evidence of oligotrophic surface waters during OAE2

Corbett, Matthew J.; Watkins, David

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.10.007

Cited by 44 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…Figure 2. Stratigraphical summary chart for outcrop samples at Lozier Canyon, integrating the palynology of this study (PALY, 'P') with the foraminiferal (MICRO, 'F'), calcareous nannofossil (NANNO, 'N') and geochemical (d 13 C isotope, 'GEOCHEM') data, and litho-, sequence-and chronostratigraphy of Donovan & Staerker (2010), Donovan et al (2012), Corbett & Watkins (2013 and Lowery et al (2014). Note that lower to middle Cenomanian and Turonian are abbreviated to l.Àm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recent work has been published from the outcrop on calcareous nannofossils (Corbett & Watkins 2013 and planktonic foraminifera (Lowery et al 2014). A middle to late Cenomanian age is indicated by these studies for the Lower Eagle Ford Formation.…”

Section: Biostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Five samples were also analysed from Comstock West. The paper aims to calibrate occurrences of interregional dinoflagellate cyst marker taxa and events at Lozier Canyon and to integrate them with other fossil and geochemical data published from the section by Donovan & Staerker (2010), Donovan et al (2012), Corbett & Watkins (2013 and Lowery et al (2014). Comparisons are made with Iona-1, the Global boundary Stratigraphical Section and Point (GSSP or 'golden spike') for the base of the Turonian Stage at Rock Canyon, Pueblo, Colorado (Kennedy et al 2005) and the adjacent Portland-1 core (e.g.…”

Section: Background and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Palynostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments of the Eagle Ford Group (Upper Cretaceous) at the Lozier Canyon outcrop reference section, west Texas, USA

Dodsworth¹

2015

Palynology

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This study describes the detailed palynology of the Eagle Ford Group at Lozier Canyon, its principal outcrop reference section in west Texas. Prominent marine phytoplankton assemblages are consistent with a proposed depositional setting for Lozier Canyon on a submarine platform within the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway (KWIS) of the USA. The Lower Eagle Ford Formation (middle to upper Cenomanian) was deposited under restricted marine conditions with oxygen-deficient, probably anoxic bottom waters, as indicated by the black, organic-rich (ca. 1 to > 6% total organic carbon) shale lithology. The formation comprises two fourth-order stratigraphical sequences, each showing sedimentary evidence of increasing water depth during deposition. Palynomorph assemblages from the sequences are dominated by green algal prasinophyte phycomata in the lower parts and peridinioid dinoflagellate cysts in the upper parts. The productivity of these marine phytoplankton groups may have been stimulated by availability of ammonium (prasinophytes) and nitrite (peridinioids) from upwelling, or vertical expansion of the oxygen-minimum zone. The transition from prasinophyte-to peridinioid-dominated assemblages may reflect elevation of the photic zone to a level less regularly encroached by deeper, ammonium-enriched waters of the denitrification zone. The overlying Upper Eagle Ford Formation (upper Cenomanian to upper Turonian or Coniacian) was deposited under deeper, relatively open marine conditions, as indicated by a decrease in organic carbon content and an increase in carbonate content. This is supported by the presence of diversified dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, including inter-regional (high-to mid-latitude) marker events; in the upper Cenomanian, base and acme Cyclonephelium compactum-membraniphorum, top consistent and frequent Litosphaeridium siphoniphorum, and top Adnatosphaeridium tutulosum; in the middle to upper Turonian, range bases of Heterosphaeridium difficile and Senoniasphaera rotundata. The stratigraphical resolution offered by palynology indicates potential application to wellsite 'geosteering' of commercial shale oil and shale gas wells drilled in the Eagle Ford Group.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Background and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Palynostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments of the Eagle Ford Group (Upper Cretaceous) at the Lozier Canyon outcrop reference section, west Texas, USA

Dodsworth¹

2015

Palynology

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“…Moreover, biostratigraphic analysis of the subsurface Woodbine and Eagle Ford sections in the Kurten field of northeastern Brazos County by Turner and Conger (1981, their p. 214) shows that the boundary lies within the Eagle Ford section. Fossil evidence of the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary within Eagle Ford Group outcrops (Jiang, 1989) and in a nearsurface Eagle Ford core (Corbett and Watkins, 2013) immediately north of the San Marcos arch in the Austin, Texas, area indicates that strata that are time equivalent to at least a portion of the East Texas basin's Eagle Ford Group occur on the northeast flank of the arch and likely on the arch axis. Based on paleontology-supported, sequencestratigraphic correlation northeastward from Eagle Ford (Boquillas) outcrops in West Texas into the subsurface, Donovan et al (2012) extrapolated Turonian Eagle Ford strata to the southwest flank of the arch.…”

Section: Eagle Ford Group (East Texas Basin)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The middle Cenomanian Maness Shale is a mudrock interval that is defined only in the subsurface of the East Texas basin between the top of the Buda Jiang (1989) and Corbett and Watkins (2013). Interpretation of the regional facies transition from the upper Eagle Ford Group to the lower Eagle Ford Group is largely based on the presumed extension of the C-T boundary through both units.…”

Section: Maness Shale Of Washita Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eaglebine play of the southwestern East Texas basin: Stratigraphic and depositional framework of the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian—Turonian) Woodbine and Eagle Ford Groups

Hentz¹,

Ambrose²,

Smith³

2014

Bulletin

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The Northern Gulf of Mexico During OAE2 and the Relationship Between Water Depth and Black Shale Development

et al. 2017

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Despite their name, Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs) are not periods of uniform anoxia and black shale deposition in ancient oceans. Shelf environments account for the majority of productivity and organic carbon burial in the modern ocean, and this was likely true in the Cretaceous as well. However, it is unlikely that the mechanisms for such an increase were uniform across all shelf environments. Some, like the northwest margin of Africa, were characterized by strong upwelling, but what might drive enhanced productivity on shelves not geographically suited for upwelling? To address this, we use micropaleontology, carbon isotopes, and sedimentology to present the first record of Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) from the northern Gulf of Mexico shelf. Here OAE2 occurred during the deposition of the well‐oxygenated, inner neritic/lower estuarine Lower Tuscaloosa Sandstone. The overlying organic‐rich oxygen‐poor Marine Tuscaloosa Shale is entirely Turonian in age. We trace organic matter enrichment from the Spinks Core into the deepwater Gulf of Mexico, where wireline log calculations and public geochemical data indicate organic enrichment and anoxia throughout the Cenomanian‐Turonian boundary interval. Redox change and organic matter preservation across the Gulf of Mexico shelf were driven by sea level rise prior to the early Turonian highstand, which caused the advection of nutrient‐rich, oxygen‐poor waters onto the shelf. This results in organic matter mass accumulation rates 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than upwelling sites like the NW African margin, but it likely occurred over a much larger geographic area, suggesting that sea level rise was an important component of the overall increase in carbon burial during OAE2.

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Calcareous nannofossil paleoecology of the mid-Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway and evidence of oligotrophic surface waters during OAE2

Cited by 44 publications

References 69 publications

Palynostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments of the Eagle Ford Group (Upper Cretaceous) at the Lozier Canyon outcrop reference section, west Texas, USA

Palynostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments of the Eagle Ford Group (Upper Cretaceous) at the Lozier Canyon outcrop reference section, west Texas, USA

Eaglebine play of the southwestern East Texas basin: Stratigraphic and depositional framework of the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian—Turonian) Woodbine and Eagle Ford Groups

The Northern Gulf of Mexico During OAE2 and the Relationship Between Water Depth and Black Shale Development

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