Cajal body dynamics in soybean root meristem cells under chilling stress and recovery

Stępiński, Dariusz

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104241

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 76 publications

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“…The chilling stress of soybean root meristem cells reduces the number of CBs with the subsequent recovery of their amount after the stress. However, this reduction may be caused by the hindering of CBs formation or by their fusion [ 42 ]. The CBs disassembly may be caused by the alteration of intermolecular interactions associated with the stress-induced posttranslational CB proteins modifications (e.g., SUMOylation of CB proteins upon stress [ 43 ]) and/or by the degradation of CB components via the proteasomal pathway.…”

Section: Eukaryotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reorganization of Cell Compartmentalization Induced by Stress

et al. 2022

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The discovery of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) that do not have an ordered structure and nevertheless perform essential functions has opened a new era in the understanding of cellular compartmentalization. It threw the bridge from the mostly mechanistic model of the organization of the living matter to the idea of highly dynamic and functional "soft matter". This paradigm is based on the notion of the major role of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biopolymers in the spatial-temporal organization of intracellular space. The LLPS leads to the formation of self-assembled membrane-less organelles (MLOs). MLOs are multicomponent and multifunctional biological condensates, highly dynamic in structure and composition, that allow them to fine-tune the regulation of various intracellular processes. IDPs play a central role in the assembly and functioning of MLOs. The LLPS importance for the regulation of chemical reactions inside the cell is clearly illustrated by the reorganization of the intracellular space during stress response. As a reaction to various types of stresses, stress-induced MLOs appear in the cell, enabling the preservation of the genetic and protein material during unfavourable conditions. In addition, stress causes structural, functional, and compositional changes in the MLOs permanently present inside the cells. In this review, we describe the assembly of stress-induced MLOs and the stress-induced modification of existing MLOs in eukaryotes, yeasts, and prokaryotes in response to various stress factors.

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Section: Eukaryotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reorganization of Cell Compartmentalization Induced by Stress

et al. 2022

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Cajal bodies: Evolutionarily conserved nuclear biomolecular condensates with properties unique to plants

et al. 2023

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Proper orchestration of the thousands of biochemical processes that are essential to the life of every cell requires highly organized cellular compartmentalization of dedicated microenvironments. There are two ways to create this intracellular segregation to optimize cellular function. One way is to create specific organelles, enclosed spaces bounded by lipid membranes that regulate macromolecular flux in and out of the compartment. A second way is via membrane-less biomolecular condensates that form due to to liquid-liquid phase separation. Although research on these membrane-less condensates has historically been performed using animal and fungal systems, recent studies have explored basic principles governing the assembly, properties, and functions of membrane-less compartments in plants. In this review, we discuss how phase separation is involved in a variety of key processes occurring in Cajal bodies (CBs), a type of biomolecular condensates found in nuclei. These processes include RNA metabolism, formation of ribonucleoproteins involved in transcription, RNA splicing, ribosome biogenesis, and telomere maintenance. Besides these primary roles of CBs, we discuss unique plant-specific functions of CBs in RNA-based regulatory pathways such as nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, mRNA retention and RNA silencing. Finally, we summarize recent progress and discuss the functions of CBs in responses to pathogen attacks and abiotic stresses, responses that may be regulated via mechanisms governed by polyADP-ribosylation. Thus, plant CBs are emerging as highly complex and multifunctional biomolecular condensates that are involved in a surprisingly diverse range of molecular mechanisms that we are just beginning to appreciate.

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Cajal body dynamics in soybean root meristem cells under chilling stress and recovery

Cited by 2 publications

References 76 publications

Reorganization of Cell Compartmentalization Induced by Stress

Reorganization of Cell Compartmentalization Induced by Stress

Cajal bodies: Evolutionarily conserved nuclear biomolecular condensates with properties unique to plants

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