Cage Length Controls the Nonmonotonic Dynamics of Active Glassy Matter

Debets, Vincent E.; Wit, Xander M. de; Janssen, Liesbeth M. C.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.127.278002

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…We can relate this activated aging hypothesis with recent simulations showing nonmonotonic enhancement of steady-state relaxation in supercooled liquids 27 . In particular, further simulation works should specifically look at how these enhanced steady-state relaxation translate or not into faster aging beyond ergodicity breaking.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

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Aging or DEAD: origin of the non-monotonic response to weak self-propulsion in active glasses

Klongvessa,

Ybert,

Cottin-Bizonne

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Among amorphous states, glass is defined by relaxation times longer than the observation time. This nonergodic nature makes the understanding of glassy systems an involved topic, with complex aging effects or responses to further out-of-equilibrium external drivings. In this respect active glasses made of self-propelled particles have recently emerged as stimulating systems which broadens and challenges our current understanding of glasses by considering novel internal out-of-equilibrium degrees of freedom. In previous experimental studies we have shown that in the ergodicity broken phase, the dynamics of dense passive particles first slows down as particles are made slightly active, before speeding up at larger activity. Here, we show that this nonmonotonic behavior also emerges in simulations of soft active Brownian particles and explore its cause. We refute that the Deadlock by Emergence of Active Directionality (DEAD) model we proposed earlier describes our data. However, we demonstrate that the nonmonotonic response is due to activity enhanced aging, and thus confirm the link with ergodicity breaking. Beyond self-propelled systems, our results suggest that aging in active glasses is not fully understood.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Other nonmonotonic behaviors have been reported from theoretical 26 and numerical 27 studies of ergodic glassy systems. Indeed, close to the glass transition the dynamics does not depend on a single active parameter but on at least two parameters characterizing the activity, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Aging or DEAD: origin of the non-monotonic response to weak self-propulsion in active glasses

Klongvessa,

Ybert,

Cottin-Bizonne

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The statistics of this model are in agreement with our data. This indicates that burst-like chloroplast jumps could be triggered upon exceeding a threshold, similar to the cage length in glasses [50]. By construction, the waiting times between the discrete jump events in this model are identical to the first-passage time of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with diffusing diffusivity, which is approximately exponentially distributed for large enough boundaries and times [66] (SI Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transition towards the exponential tail happens around Δ r ≈ 2.3 μ m, corresponding to one average chloroplast radius plus one standard deviation. This displacement is more than twice as large as the inter-chloroplast distance l ≈ 1.026 μ m, which is calculated via the difference of average chloroplast diameter and nearest neighbor distance [50] (SI Fig. 5d,e).…”

Section: Glassy Features Of Chloroplast Motion Under Dim Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(e) Radial density function of the particles around the average density ρ , with a nearest neighbor peak around two particle radii (dotted line) plus their standard deviation (gray). The nearest neighbor shell size can be estimated from an average until the first minimum [50]. (f) The autocorrelation function of the position for all particles (gray) and the ensemble average (orange).…”

Section: Supplementary Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chloroplasts in plant cells show active glassy behavior under low light conditions

Schramma

Israëls

Jalaal

2022

Preprint

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Plants have developed intricate mechanisms to adapt to changing light conditions. Besides photo- and heliotropism - the differential growth towards light and the diurnal motion with respect to sunlight - chloroplast motion acts as a fast mechanism to change the intracellular structure of leaf cells. While chloroplasts move towards the sides of the plant cell to avoid strong light, they accumulate and spread out into a layer on the bottom of the cell at low light to increase the light absorption efficiency. Although the motion of chloroplasts has been studied for over a century, the collective organelle-motion leading to light adapting self-organized structures remains elusive. Here we study the active motion of chloroplasts under dim light conditions, leading to an accumulation in a densely packed quasi-2D layer. We observe burst-like re-arrangements and show that these dynamics resemble colloidal systems close to the glass transition by tracking individual chloroplasts. Furthermore, we provide a minimal mathematical model to uncover relevant system parameters controlling the stability of the dense configuration of chloroplasts. Our study suggests that the meta-stable caging close to the glass-transition in the chloroplast mono-layer serves a physiological relevance. Chloroplasts remain in a spread-out configuration to increase the light uptake, but can easily fluidize when the activity is increased to efficiently re-arrange the structure towards an avoidance state. Our research opens new questions about the role that dynamical phase transitions could play in self-organized intracellular responses of plant cells towards environmental cues.

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