Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects

Nehlig, Astrid; Daval, Jean‐Luc; Debry, G

doi:10.1016/0165-0173(92)90012-b

Cited by 1,248 publications

(838 citation statements)

References 447 publications

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“…However, in the A 1 R −/− mice the decrease was slower and they explored a larger number of arms than the other genotypes, perhaps reflecting a lower ability to become habituated to the maze, which could be related to certain differences in long-term reference memory as well. These results agree with those reporting that rats exposed to caffeine do not make fewer errors and do not decrease their latency in mazes of varying complexity, although exploration is stimulated (reviewed in Nehlig et al, 1992). Overall, the assessment of spatial learning and memory in the six-arm radial tunnel maze indicates that all the groups show similar working memory abilities, and that further studies should focus on the reduced habituation to a known environment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Overall, the assessment of spatial learning and memory in the six-arm radial tunnel maze indicates that all the groups show similar working memory abilities, and that further studies should focus on the reduced habituation to a known environment. It has been pointed out that many of the results of caffeine on higher cognitive functions might be explained by reduced habituation, and hence to a maintained arousal level (reviewed in Nehlig et al, 1992). In these studies, habituation is reported to be decreased in both animals (Olivera et al, 1990) and man (Davidson and Smith, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mice lacking the adenosine A₁ receptor have normal spatial learning and plasticity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, but they habituate more slowly

Giménez-Llort

Masino

Diao

et al. 2005

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Using mice with a targeted disruption of the adenosine A 1 receptor (A 1 R), we examined the role of A 1 Rs in hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD), and memory formation. Recordings from the Shaffer collateral-CA1 pathway of hippocampal slices from adult mice showed no differences between theta burst and tetanic stimulation-induced LTP in adenosine A 1 receptor knockout (A 1 R −/− ), heterozygote (A 1 R +/− ), and wildtype (A 1 R +/+ ) mice. However, paired pulse facilitation was impaired significantly in A 1 R −/− slices as compared to (A 1 R +/+ ) slices. LTD in the CA1 region was unaffected by the genetic manipulation. The three genotypes showed similar memory acquisition patterns when assessed for spatial reference and working memory in the Morris water maze tasks at 9 months of age. However, 10 months later A 1 R −/− mice showed some deficits in the 6-arm radial tunnel maze test. The latter appeared, however, not due to memory deficits but to decreased habituation to the test environment. Taken together, we observe normal spatial learning and memory and hippocampal CA1 synaptic plasticity in adult adenosine A 1 R knockout mice, but find modifications in arousal-related processes, including habituation, in this knockout model.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mice lacking the adenosine A₁ receptor have normal spatial learning and plasticity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, but they habituate more slowly

Giménez-Llort

Masino

Diao

et al. 2005

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“…Caffeine is reportedly the most widely consumed central nervous system stimulant (Nehlig et al, 1992) and has various physiological effects. As a result, knowledge of the caffeine content of foods and beverages is a desirable feature for consumers and health care professionals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, knowledge of the caffeine content of foods and beverages is a desirable feature for consumers and health care professionals. A number of negative characteristics associated with caffeine intake have been documented, such as dependence and withdrawal symptoms, as well as effects on anxiety and sleep which vary according to individual sensitivity (Nehlig et al, 1992). As with rooibos tea, the lack of caffeine in Athrixia tea may permit its regular consumption with none of the adverse effects associated with excessive caffeine intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Athrixia bush tea for cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, caffeine content and presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids

McGaw

Steenkamp

Eloff

2007

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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In South Africa, Athrixia phylicoides DC. (bush tea) is widely used as a beverage, cough remedy and purgative. The commercialization of this tea in a similar vein to rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), is being considered. Traditional infusions and decoctions, as well as water and ethanol extracts, were prepared and screened. A related species, Athrixia elata Sond. (daisy tea), was included in many of the assays as a comparison. Extracts of Athrixia phylicoides and Athrixia elata were tested for toxic effects to brine shrimp larvae and the Vero kidney cell line. In both assays, the traditional preparations and aqueous extracts had little effect, but the ethanol extracts were relatively toxic. Antioxidant activity comparable to that found in rooibos was established. No detectable levels of caffeine were present in the Athrixia extracts following analysis using TLC and I/HCl spray reagent. Neither screening using spectrophotometry nor confirmation using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses showed evidence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Athrixia phylicoides. Although a wider range of studies needs to be conducted prior to commercialization, these results support the development of bush tea as a healthy alternative to caffeine-containing beverages.Abbreviations: ABTS, 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid); DPPH, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl; GC-MS, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; I/HCl, iodine hydrochloric acid; MEM, minimal essential medium; MTT,[3][4]]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; PA, pyrrolizidine alkaloid; TEAC, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity; TLC, thin layer chromatography; Trolox, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid Article Outline

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“…A number of studies have examined the benefits of daytime caffeine consumption in nonexperimentally sleep-deprived individuals (Loke et al 1985;Lieberman et al 1987;Zwyghuizen-Doorenbos et al 1990;Nehlig et al 1992;Dimpfel et al 1993;Spriet 1995;Lorist et al 1996;Kaplan et al 1997;Brice et al 2002;Lorist et al 2003;Cysneiros et al 2007). The performance tasks used in these studies measure reaction time and motor speed, speed of information processing, vigilance and attention, immediate and delayed verbal memory, as well as mood and alertness (for review see (Nehlig et al 1992;Lorist et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the benefits of caffeine, naps and placebo on verbal, motor and perceptual memory

Mednick

Cai

Kanady

et al. 2008

Behavioural Brain Research

108

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Caffeine, the world's most common psychoactive substance, is used by approximately 90% of North Americans everyday. Little is known, however, about its benefits for memory. Napping has been shown to increase alertness and promote learning on some memory tasks. We directly compared caffeine (200mg) with napping (60-90 minutes) and placebo on three distinct memory processes: declarative verbal memory, procedural motor skills, and perceptual learning. In the verbal task, recall and recognition for unassociated words were tested after a 7hr retention period (with a betweensession nap or drug intervention). A second, different, word list was administered post-intervention and memory was tested after a 20min retention period. The non-declarative tasks (finger tapping task and texture discrimination task) were trained before the intervention and then retested afterwards. Naps enhanced recall of words after a 7hr and 20min retention interval relative to both caffeine and placebo. Caffeine significantly impaired motor learning compared to placebo and naps. Napping produced robust perceptual learning compared with placebo; however, naps and caffeine were not significantly different. These findings provide evidence of the limited benefits of caffeine for memory improvement compared with napping. We hypothesize that impairment from caffeine may be restricted to tasks that contain explicit information; whereas strictly implicit learning is less compromised.

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Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects

Cited by 1,248 publications

References 447 publications

Mice lacking the adenosine A₁ receptor have normal spatial learning and plasticity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, but they habituate more slowly

Mice lacking the adenosine A₁ receptor have normal spatial learning and plasticity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, but they habituate more slowly

Evaluation of Athrixia bush tea for cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, caffeine content and presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Comparing the benefits of caffeine, naps and placebo on verbal, motor and perceptual memory

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Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects

Cited by 1,248 publications

References 447 publications

Mice lacking the adenosine A1 receptor have normal spatial learning and plasticity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, but they habituate more slowly

Mice lacking the adenosine A1 receptor have normal spatial learning and plasticity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, but they habituate more slowly

Evaluation of Athrixia bush tea for cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, caffeine content and presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Comparing the benefits of caffeine, naps and placebo on verbal, motor and perceptual memory

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Mice lacking the adenosine A₁ receptor have normal spatial learning and plasticity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, but they habituate more slowly

Mice lacking the adenosine A₁ receptor have normal spatial learning and plasticity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, but they habituate more slowly