Cadmium-Sensitive Measurement Using a Nano-Copper-Enhanced Carbon Fiber Electrode

Abstract

Enrichment of cadmium ion (Cd2+) from the environment may lead to kidney disease and weakened immunity in the body. Current techniques are not convenient enough to measure Cd2+ concentration in the environment due to low sensitivity and poor linear range. In this paper, a new measurement technique is proposed using a new sensing electrode made of nano-copper-enhanced carbon fiber. Nano-copper was deposited onto the surface of carbon fiber to enhance the current concentration and mass transfer rate of Cd2+ during measurement, which improved the electrochemical detection sensitivity significantly (by up to 3.7 × 108 nA/nM) and broadened the linear range to 10~105 nM. This device provides a low-cost solution for measuring Cd2+ concentration in the environment.

Preparation of Electrode Material Based to Bismuth Oxide-Attached Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Lead (II) Ion Determination

“…A solution mixture of 0.1 M KCl and 0.1 M acetate buffer (pH 4.0) was used as the electrolytic support for all electrochemical tests. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements with the potential ranging from -0.2 V to 1.0 V at different scan rates (10,20,30,40,50,70,100,150, and 200 mV/s) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with a 5 mV amplitude over a frequency range of 1-10 5 Hz were conducted on the electrodes in the electrolyte containing 50 mM K 3 Fe(CN) 6 .…”

“…Advanced carbon forms have been considered promising electrode replacements as they are ecofriendly and exhibit excellent electrical conductivity, chemical stability, structural versatility, and broad potential windows [3]; moreover, they require simple modifications for their application as electrodes. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [7], graphene [8], graphene oxide [9], and carbon nanofibers [10] are extremely useful as carbon paste electrodes to trace heavy metals from different sources. The sensing applications of MWCNTs are being developed due to several useful properties such as large surface area, fast electric signal transport, and functionability [11,12].…”