Cadmium Inhalation and Male Reproductive Toxicity

Ragan, H.A.; Mast, T.J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3368-8_1

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This may be due to the fact that chloride is a highly mobile ion that easily crosses cell membranes, perturbing the metabolism of plants, while NO 3 -acts as a fertilizer and enhances the growth of cyanobacteria. Cadmium is more toxic than lead, probably owing to its high solubility (Ragan and Mast 1990). It was also found that environmental stress-induced proline accumulation is also correlated with oxidative stress (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Impact of environmental pollution on cyanobacterial proline content

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study describes the toxic effects of different prominent aquatic pollutants-heavy metals (Cd & Pb), pesticides (alphamethrin and deltamethrin) and salt (NaCl)-on the intracellular proline content in the cyanobacterium, Westiellopsis prolifica-Janet strain-NCCU331. Despite a reduction in growth (measured as chlorophyll a content), the intracellular proline content increased in the presence of heavy metals, pesticides and high salt concentration. The intracellular cyanobacterial proline accumulation was more pronounced under salt stress than in the presence of pesticides and heavy metals. We have also compared whether or not anionic components influence heavy metal toxicity. It was found that the chlorides of Cd and Pb were more toxic than the NO 3 and the order of toxicity was CdCl 2 >PbCl 2 >Cd (NO 3 ) 2 >Pb (NO 3 ) 2 . Among pyrethroids, deltamethrin was more toxic than alphamethrin.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Impact of environmental pollution on cyanobacterial proline content

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These result in interference with the transport of nutrients to the fetus, thus suggesting an indirect cause for fetal death (Levin and Miller 1980;Levin and Miller 1981). Also, there appears to be an interaction of Cd with other metals in the etiology of fetal toxicity (Ragan and Mast 1990). Lucis et.al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Transfer and accumulation of cadmium, and the level of metallothionein in perfused human placentae

et al. 1991

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of perfusion with a medium containing 12 or 24 micrograms Cadmium (as CdCl2) per ml on this metal's accumulation, transfer rate and metallothionein (MT) level. The experiments were performed with an isolated lobule of a dually-perfused human term placenta. Placental cell integrity and viability were characterised by their morphology and metabolic function, manifested in the tissue's electron microscopic structure and glucose and oxygen (O2) consumption, respectively. Perfusion with 24 micrograms Cd/ml medium for 5 h resulted in significant elevation in MT. The transfer rate of Cd to the fetal side of the placenta was very slow, and not until 40 min after the addition of Cd into the maternal side was a significant increase in the metal's level observed in the fetal perfusate. Thereafter, the level of the metal increased gradually and reached a steady state about 1 h later, at a level which was less than 1/20th of its concentration in the maternal perfusate. There was a 60-fold increase in Cd level in the cytosolic fraction obtained from the Cd-treated samples. At 12 micrograms Cd/ml no significant changes were noted in morphology, metabolic function and MT content. None of the Cd levels caused a significant change in O2 and glucose consumption, in spite of the fact that with the higher Cd dose the microstructure of the tissue showed some pathological changes. The observed elevation in MT may provide the fetus some protection against the harmful effects of the metal.

show abstract

“…For rats and mice, it is 1-2%. 2,35 It is generally accepted that the absorption of ingested cadmium in young animals is higher than in adults. 1,32 Our earlier investigation of suckling rats showed that calcium supplementation primarily influenced the absorption and retention of orally administered cadmium and that it had no effect on the elimination of incorporated cadmium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of genotoxic damage of cadmium chloride in peripheral blood of suckling Wistar rats

Kašuba

Rozgaj

Sarić

et al. 2002

J of Applied Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to evaluate possible genotoxic damage of cadmium chloride exposure in suckling rats by means of the comet assay and the in vivo micronucleus test of rat blood lymphocytes, because no information is available on the genotoxic effect of cadmium in rats at this early age. Pups were receiving cadmium (as CdCl(2).H(2)O) orally in fractions of 0.5 mg for 9 days, totalling 4.5 mg Cd kg(-1) body wt, or were given a single subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mg Cd kg(-1) body wt. Some pups in both exposed groups were receiving calcium supplement (CaHPO(4).2H(2)O) in feed to reduce the body load of cadmium. Control pups did not receive either cadmium or calcium supplement. Cadmium in the carcass and organs was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed that the cadmium body burden was significantly lower when the animals were receiving calcium supplements along with oral cadmium. The results of the micronucleus and comet assays showed significant differences between the control and exposed groups, regardless of the route of cadmium administration. The only statistically significant difference between the two exposed groups (oral cadmium and oral cadmium + calcium supplements) was in the number of micronuclei. The results of the comet assay showed that tail length differed statistically only between the control and all exposed groups, regardless of the route of cadmium administration. It can be concluded that the applied cadmium doses caused detectable genome damage but it was lower in calcium-treated pups receiving cadmium orally.

show abstract

Cadmium Inhalation and Male Reproductive Toxicity

Cited by 42 publications

References 72 publications

Impact of environmental pollution on cyanobacterial proline content

Impact of environmental pollution on cyanobacterial proline content

Transfer and accumulation of cadmium, and the level of metallothionein in perfused human placentae

Evaluation of genotoxic damage of cadmium chloride in peripheral blood of suckling Wistar rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About