Cadmium-Induced Dental Lesions in Ovariectomized Rats

Abstract

The effects of cadmium chloride on both incisor and molar teeth of ovariectomized female rats were studied histopathologically. The rats were injected intravenously with the compound at doses of 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg, 5 days/wk. Six rats per group were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 13 wk.Discoloration of the incisors was observed in the rats of the 2.0-mg/kg group from 8 wk. Histopathologic examination of the incisor demonstrated decreased iron-containing pigment in ameloblasts and destruction of the enamel organ. These changes were accompanied with accumulation of cadmium and loss of iron in the teeth. Necrosis of the dental pulp occurred from the coronal end of both the incisor and molar teeth extended to the apical, deep portion of the teeth. The dental pulp of the molar teeth, which is shorter than that of the incisor, was mildly affected by cadmium intoxication. These findings suggested that intradental ischemia due to cadmium toxicity may have contributed to the development of the pulpal necrosis.

Histopathological Changes in Incisive Teeth of the Newborn Pups of Cadmium-Applied Female Rats during Pregnancy

“…Katsuta et al (1996) studied the effects of cadmium in molar and incisive teeth and observed a reduction at iron pigment in ameloblast cells and damage at enamel organ of incisive teeth. Following iron reduction, cadmium accumulation increased in teeth.…”

Fluorosis Risks to Resident Hispid Cotton Rats on Land-Treatment Facilities for Petrochemical Wastes

“…Metals implicated in the enhancement of the toxic action of fluoride such as Al were not quantified in this study, but are known to occur at high levels (7,000-12,000 mg/kg) in refining wastes that are land-treated (Loehr et al, 1992). In addition, factors such as nutritional deficiencies (Harris and Navia, 1980) and exposure to Cd (Katsuta et al, 1996) also may induce dental lesions. Cotton rats from land-treatment unit 1 where the most severe dental fluorosis was observed had significantly higher bone concentrations of Sr, Pb, and Ti compared to animals from other land-treatment units.…”

Widespread Risks of Dental Fluorosis in Cotton Rats (Sigmodon hispidus) Residing on Petrochemical Waste Sites

“…Black and McKay (1916) first described dental fluorosis induced by exposure to ingested fluoride as a mottling of the enamel. Pathological changes in the enamel organ have been reported in response to various agents, such as fluoride (Neiman & Eisenmann, 1975;, cobalt, strontium (Neiman & Eisenmann, 1975), cadmium (Katsuta et al, 1996), phosphonoformic and phosphonoacetic acids (Caracatsanis et al, 1989) A (Harris & Navia, 1980), vitamin D (Berdal et al, 1989), tetracyclin e (Kallenbach, 1980;Westergaard, 1980), and vinblastin (Moe & Mikkelsen, 1977). Dental fluoritic lesions may range from slight horizontal striation in the enamel (hypomineralization -mottling), moderate or marked mottling or striation, chalkiness with discoloration to hypoplasia (including small tooth size), pitting, and/or thinning and erosion of the enamel (Shupe et al, 1987).…”