Cadmium-Induced Anemia in Growing Pigs: Protective Effect of Oral or Parenteral Iron

Pond, Wilson G.; Walker, E. F.; Kirtland, David

doi:10.2527/jas1973.3661122x

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…A linear decrease occurred up to 50 ppm after which a plateau was reached. This depression of tissue iron by cadmium is in agreement with other work (7)(8)(9)(10). Cadmium has been shown to involve the loss of iron mainly from ferritin (8), which is consistent with work from my laboratory showing cadmium to depress iron levels more in the soluble fraction than other cellular fractions (11).…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

Cadmium effects in rats on tissue iron, selenium, and blood pressure: blood and hair cadmium in some Oregon residents

Whanger¹

1979

Environ Health Perspect

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Exposure of rats to cadmium causes a marked depletion of iron in liver and kidney. Selenium neither counteracts or intensifies the influence of cadmium on tissue iron levels. Selenium injections protect against cadmium-induced testicular damage but cause this element to accumulate in the testes at higher concentration than in animals exposed to cadmium without selenium. Selenium injection diverts the binding of cadmium from low molecular weight proteins to high molecular weight ones. Dosing rats with selenium and cadmium or inclusion of Se or Cd in the diet did not result in altered cadmium binding in tissues, raising some questions concerning the environmental significance of these injection experiments.Addition of selenium to a diet containing cadmium decreased the accumulation of cadmium in liver and kidney, but increased its deposition in testes. The metabolism of cadmium bound to metaliothionein was markedly different as compared to the inorganic salt of this element. Dietary ascorbate, but not citrate or cysteine, decreased the deposition of cadmium in rat tissues. In some low-level exposure experiments with cadmium (1 to 1000 ppb), no differences were found in the percentage of dose absorbed or rate of cadmium accumulation when provided in food versus water. Female rats tended to absorb more cadmium than males. The binding of cadmium to cytosolic proteins was found to be different between rats fed low levels of cadmium (up to 1 ppm) as compared to those fed high levels of this element (100 ppm). Cadmium was not found to contribute to hypertension in rats, and a summary of results by various investigators is presented.Blood and hair cadmium levels in Oregon residents were found to be highest in employees of a mine, and hair cadmium was found to be respectively higher in smokers than nonsmokers and in metal workers than office workers. No relationships were observed in humans between blood or hair cadmium levels and blood pressure.

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confidence: 93%

Cadmium effects in rats on tissue iron, selenium, and blood pressure: blood and hair cadmium in some Oregon residents

Whanger¹

1979

Environ Health Perspect

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“…A supplement of 400 ppm iron as ferrous sulfate had a marked effect in preventing the low hemoglobin level produced in rats by 100 ppm cadmium (50). Similar beneficial effects were reported for dietary supplements of iron(II) and injected iron-dextran in rats fed diets with 100 ppm cadmium and in pigs receiving 154 ppm cadmium (51,52). Iron(II) as ferrous sulfate was markedly more protective than iron(III) as ferric citrate in preventing growth depression and anemia produced by 75 ppm dietary cadmium in young Japanese quail (48).…”

Section: Effects Of Dietary Nutrients In Decreasing Risks From Cadmiumsupporting

confidence: 64%

Nutritional Influences on Metal Toxicity: Cadmium as a Model Toxic Element

Fox¹

1979

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The nutrient quality of the diet has been shown repeatedly to be a significant factor in modifying the response of man and animals to toxic element exposure. Deficiencies of several essential nutrients have been shown to exacerbate the effects of cadmium and supplements of such nutrients have been shown to ameliorate the toxicity. Thus the effects of exposure to a toxic element, such as cadmium, may vary, depending on interactions with other elements which are present in the diet in different concentrations.

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“…They found relatively large amounts of cadmium in the fetuses, which we did not. In addition, our diet always contained high levels of calcium and the rats in our experiments were given much smaller doses of cadmium than was given by Pond and Walker (25). These differences may account for the variations in the amounts of cadmium which passed the placental barrier.…”

Section: Environmental Health Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Some Effects of Oral Ingestion of Cadmium on Zinc, Copper, and Iron Metabolism

Petering¹,

Choudhury²,

Stemmer³

1979

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Data are presented to show that ingestion of cadmium chloride by rats at low levels leads to alteration of zinc metabolism in the liver, even though the formation of metallothionein is not evident. A dose-response relationship between amount of cadmium ingested and degree of perturbation of zinc metabolism in liver was found. Oral cadmium was shown to cause emphysema and reduce pulmonary function in male rats; the effect was less severe or delayed in onset if dietary zinc concentration was high. Interference with copper and iron metabolism was shown to occur in rats given low levels of cadmium orally. Depression of copper and iron metabolism of the rat fetus was found to occur when dams received very low doses of cadmium during gestation, even though very little cadmium passed the placental barrier.

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Cadmium-Induced Anemia in Growing Pigs: Protective Effect of Oral or Parenteral Iron

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Cadmium effects in rats on tissue iron, selenium, and blood pressure: blood and hair cadmium in some Oregon residents

Cadmium effects in rats on tissue iron, selenium, and blood pressure: blood and hair cadmium in some Oregon residents

Nutritional Influences on Metal Toxicity: Cadmium as a Model Toxic Element

Some Effects of Oral Ingestion of Cadmium on Zinc, Copper, and Iron Metabolism

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