Cadmium (II)-Induced Oxidative Stress Results in Replication Stress and Epigenetic Modifications in Root Meristem Cell Nuclei of Vicia faba

Żabka, Aneta; Winnicki, Konrad; Polit, Justyna Teresa; Wróblewski, Mateusz; Maszewski, Janusz

doi:10.3390/cells10030640

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…After 72 h, plants with roots approximately 2.5 cm long were placed in distilled water (control) and 150 µM CdCl 2 solution. The concentration of CdCl 2 was selected based on the available literature data, e.g., [ 44 , 45 ], based on the results obtained in a series of preliminary tests and applied in earlier studies [ 31 ]. Cultures were aerated by gentle rotation of Petri dishes in a water-bath shaker (60 r.p.m.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RS triggers a set of cellular signaling mechanisms to single and double stranded DNA damage sites at stalled or slowed down replication forks. Using γ-H2AX immunofluorescence labeling, our previous experiments [ 31 ] showed an increased number of visible γ-H2AX foci in V. faba cells exposed to 24 h incubation with CdCl 2 and a decreased level of H2AX phosphorylation in the control root cells (after post-cadmium recovery in water). While γ-H2AX is primarily a DSBs marker, ample evidence points to a more general role of γ-H2AX during RS, both in inhibiting replication forks in the absence of DSBs and in repairing collapsed replication forks [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Epigenetic Patterns Related to DNA Replication in Vicia faba Root Meristem Cells under Cadmium-Induced Stress Conditions

Żabka

Gocek

Winnicki

et al. 2021

Cells

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Experiments on Vicia faba root meristem cells exposed to 150 µM cadmium chloride (CdCl2) were undertaken to analyse epigenetic changes, mainly with respect to DNA replication stress. Histone modifications examined by means of immunofluorescence labeling included: (1) acetylation of histone H3 on lysine 56 (H3K56Ac), involved in transcription, S phase, and response to DNA damage during DNA biosynthesis; (2) dimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 79 (H3K79Me2), correlated with the replication initiation; (3) phosphorylation of histone H3 on threonine 45 (H3T45Ph), engaged in DNA synthesis and apoptosis. Moreover, immunostaining using specific antibodies against 5-MetC-modified DNA was used to determine the level of DNA methylation. A significant decrease in the level of H3K79Me2, noted in all phases of the CdCl2-treated interphase cell nuclei, was found to correspond with: (1) an increase in the mean number of intranuclear foci of H3K56Ac histones (observed mainly in S-phase), (2) a plethora of nuclear and nucleolar labeling patterns (combined with a general decrease in H3T45Ph), and (3) a decrease in DNA methylation. All these changes correlate well with a general viewpoint that DNA modifications and post-translational histone modifications play an important role in gene expression and plant development under cadmium-induced stress conditions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Epigenetic Patterns Related to DNA Replication in Vicia faba Root Meristem Cells under Cadmium-Induced Stress Conditions

Żabka

Gocek

Winnicki

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…At the cellular level, Cd toxicity can be explained by its ability to react with the sulfhydryl groups of proteins, replacement of some essential elements at the active sites of enzymes, and replacement of magnesium in both chlorophyll a and b [4,6]. Although Cd is not a redox-active metal, it can induce oxidative stress, possibly by interfering with an antioxidant defense, by increasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity, or by disrupting the electron transport chain [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proline Concentration and Its Metabolism Are Regulated in a Leaf Age Dependent Manner But Not by Abscisic Acid in Pea Plants Exposed to Cadmium Stress

Zdunek‐Zastocka

Grabowska

Michniewska

et al. 2021

Cells

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The accumulation of proline is one of the defense mechanisms of plants against the harmful effects of adverse environmental conditions; however, when pea plants were treated for 12 h with CdCl2, the proline concentration decreased in the youngest A (not expanded) and B1 (expanded) leaves, and did not change significantly in the B2 (mature, expanded) or C (the oldest) leaves. After 24 h of cadmium (Cd) stress, the proline concentration remained low in A and B1 leaves, while in B2 and C leaves, it increased, and after 48 h, an increase in the proline concentration in the leaves at each stage of development was observed. The role of proline in the different phases of plant response to the Cd treatment is discussed. Changes in proline accumulation corresponded closely with changes in the transcript levels of PsP5CS2, a gene encoding D1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase involved in proline synthesis, and PsPDH1, a gene encoding proline dehydrogenase engaged in proline degradation. CdCl2 application induced the expression of PsProT1 and PsProT2, genes encoding proline transporters, especially during the first 12 h of treatment in A and B1 leaves. When the time courses of abscisic acid (ABA) and proline accumulation were compared, it was concluded that an increase in the proline concentration in the leaves of Cd-treated pea plants was more related to a decrease in chlorophyll concentration (leaves B2 and C) and an increase in the malondialdehyde level (A and B1 leaves) than with an increase in ABA concentration alone. Exogenous application of ABA (0.5, 5, 50 µM) significantly increased the proline concentration in the A leaves of pea plants only, and was accompanied by an elevated and repressed expression of PsP5CS2 and PsPDH1 in these leaves, respectively. The presented results suggest that under Cd stress, the accumulation of proline in leaves of pea plants may take place independently of the ABA signaling.

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“…However, such a model study has not been replicated in plants and such a knowledge gap demands exploration by crop scientists and plant biotechnologists for future perspectives. Additionally, Zabka et al [34] used apical root meristem in V. faba seedlings exposed to CdCl 2 to monitor the epigenetic changes in transcription nucleosome assembly during the S-phase of the cell cycle. The study revealed cellular responses to Cd toxicity are interlinked with biochemical reactions through the generation of ROS and DNA-damage-induced replication stress.…”

Section: Chromatin Remodeling and The Effect Of Cadmium Stress In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zabka et al [34], explored the possible relationships and linkages between Cd (II)induced oxidative stress and the consequent damage at the genomic level of in the V. faba seedlings exposed to Cd treatment and to post stress recovery water incubations. Exposure to Cd toxicity therefore leads to two types of consequent Cd-induced secondary stress conditions, including oxidative stress, by which reactive oxygen species (ROS) played an important part in producing disorder at the genomic DNA level eventually leading to replication stress.…”

Section: The Effects Of Cadmium On Histone Acetylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Cadmium Toxicity and the Modulation of Epigenetic Traits in Plants

Niekerk

Carelse

Bakare

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Elevated concentrations of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) have a negative impact on staple crop production due to their ability to elicit cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on plants. In order to understand the relationship between Cd stress and plants in an effort to improve Cd tolerance, studies have identified genetic mechanisms which could be important for conferring stress tolerance. In recent years epigenetic studies have garnered much attention and hold great potential in both improving the understanding of Cd stress in plants as well as revealing candidate mechanisms for future work. This review describes some of the main epigenetic mechanisms involved in Cd stress responses. We summarize recent literature and data pertaining to chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, histone acetylation and miRNAs in order to understand the role these epigenetic traits play in cadmium tolerance. The review aims to provide the framework for future studies where these epigenetic traits may be used in plant breeding and molecular studies in order to improve Cd tolerance.

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Cadmium (II)-Induced Oxidative Stress Results in Replication Stress and Epigenetic Modifications in Root Meristem Cell Nuclei of Vicia faba

Cited by 25 publications

References 76 publications

Changes in Epigenetic Patterns Related to DNA Replication in Vicia faba Root Meristem Cells under Cadmium-Induced Stress Conditions

Changes in Epigenetic Patterns Related to DNA Replication in Vicia faba Root Meristem Cells under Cadmium-Induced Stress Conditions

Proline Concentration and Its Metabolism Are Regulated in a Leaf Age Dependent Manner But Not by Abscisic Acid in Pea Plants Exposed to Cadmium Stress

The Relationship between Cadmium Toxicity and the Modulation of Epigenetic Traits in Plants

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