Cadmium Effects on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Axis in Male Rats

Lafuente, A.; Márquez, Nuria Ponce; Pérez‐Lorenzo, María; Pazo, David; Esquifino, Ana I.

doi:10.1177/153537020122600615

Cited by 89 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The decrease in serum testosterone levels observed in heavy metals treated rats may reflect direct effects of the metal at the testis as this metal accumulates in this tissue. Similar alteration in testosterone concentrations have been reported [38], [39], the study indicating a disruption of the regulatory 1840 mechanism of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In addition, administration of vitamin E, zinc or their mixture might have relieved the reduction of testosterone and/or may have triggered their synthesis that in turn attenuated the oxidative damage caused by cadmium or its metabolites.…”

Section: Results:-supporting

confidence: 85%

The Therapeutic Role of Vitamin E or Zinc and Their Mixture Supplementation on Some Heavy Metals-Induced Testicular Functions Injuries in Male Rats.

Ibrahim.¹

2017

IJAR

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Background: Toxic heavy metals in water, air and soil are global problems that are a growing threat to humanity. Heavy metals are widely distributed in the environment and some of them occur in food, water, air and tissues even in the absence of occupational exposure. Aim: To investigate the antioxidant and protective influences of vitamin E and/or zinc on some heavy metals (lead, cadmium and mercury) induced oxidative stress and testicular injuries in male rats. Results: Results showed that exposure to lead, cadmium or/and mercury causes damage or alterations in the testicular functions in male albino rats. On the other hand, vitamin E or/and zinc administration lessened or cured these damages and repaired the destruction which occurred because of exposure to these toxic substances. Conclusion: heavy metals stimulated different hazardous effects leading to testicular dysfunction in male rats, and the supplementation of vitamin E or/and zinc play(s) an important role to minimize and reduce the harmful effects of heavy metal exposure. These improvements are attributed to the antioxidant functions of vitamin E and zinc. In addition, suggestions for further studies were recommended.

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Section: Results:-supporting

confidence: 85%

The Therapeutic Role of Vitamin E or Zinc and Their Mixture Supplementation on Some Heavy Metals-Induced Testicular Functions Injuries in Male Rats.

Ibrahim.¹

2017

IJAR

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“…Thus, both Sertoli and Leydig cells appear to be targets for cadmium's adverse effects. Cadmium has also been shown to accumulate in the hypothalamus and pituitary and to decrease the level of prolactin [Lafuente et al 2001].…”

Section: Animal and In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effects of Low Level Heavy Metal Exposure on Male Reproductive Function

Wirth

Mijal

2010

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

238

164

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Lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic, often referred to as ''heavy metals'', are toxic for wildlife, experimental animals, and humans. While experimental animal and human occupational studies with high exposure levels generally support an adverse role for these metals in human reproductive outcomes, information on the effects of low, environmentally-realistic exposure levels of these metals on male reproductive outcomes is limited. We review the literature on effects of exposure to low levels of these metals on measures of male fertility (semen quality and reproductive hormone levels) and provide supporting evidence from experimental and occupational studies. Potentially modifying effects of genetic polymorphisms on these associations are discussed. A brief review of the literature on the effects of three trace metals, copper, manganese, and molybdenum, that are required for human health, yet may also cause adverse reproductive effects, follows. Overall, there were few studies examining the effects of exposure to low levels of these metals on male reproductive health. For all metals, there were several well-designed studies with sufficient populations appropriately adjusted for potential confounders and many of these reported harmful effects. However, many studies lacked sufficient numbers of participants to be able to detect differences in outcomes between exposed and non-exposed individuals, did not clearly identify the source and characteristics of the participants, and did not control for other exposures that could alter or contribute to the outcomes. The evidence for the effects of low exposure was strongest for cadmium, lead, and mercury and less certain for arsenic. The potential modifying effects of genetic polymorphisms has not been fully explored. Additional studies on the reproductive effects of these toxic ubiquitous metals on male reproduction are required to expand the knowledge base and to resolve inconsistencies.

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“…Nickel also affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis (29). Metal exposure decreased the neurotransmitter content in anterior and mediobasal hypothalamus and decreased circulating levels of lutenizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (35). Our investigations show that nickel sulfate affects the hormonal milieu of the testes in both dietary groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Effect of nickel sulfate on testicular steroidogenesis in rats during protein restriction.

Das

Dasgupta

2002

Environ Health Perspect

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Nickel, a widely used heavy metal, exerts potent toxic effects on peripheral tissues as well as on the reproductive system. Low dietary protein coupled with exposure to this metal induces more severe changes, including biochemical defects, structural disorders, and altered physiologic functions. This study was designed to assess the effects of nickel sulfate on testicular steroidogenesis and to ascertain whether such alterations are reversible with normal protein and protein-restricted dietary regime. Nickel sulfate [2 mg/100 g body weight (bw)] dissolved in double-distilled water was administered on alternate days for 10 doses in a normal protein diet (18% casein) and a protein-restricted diet (5% casein) to Wistar male albino rats (bw 160 +/- 5 g). Two groups, one with a normal protein diet and the other with a protein-restricted diet, served as controls. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, all the animals except those in withdrawal groups were sacrificed by decapitation. We observed a significant reduction in the activities of the testicular steroidogenic enzymes and plasma testosterone concentration accompanied by a significant elevation in cholesterol and ascorbic acid level in both dietary groups. After 15 days of withdrawal from the nickel sulfate treatment, the testicular steroidogenic enzymes, along with plasma testosterone level, improved significantly in both normal protein-fed and protein-restricted dietary groups. The effects of nickel on testicular cholesterol and ascorbic acid concentration were also reduced after withdrawal. Our results indicate that nickel sulfate affects the steroidogenic enzymes, causing alteration in the formation of testosterone in both dietary groups, which was manifested in the elevated cholesterol and ascorbic acid level with decreased activities of steroidogenic enzymes in adult rats testes. However, these alterations were reversible in both groups of animals fed normal protein diets and protein-restricted diets.

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Cadmium Effects on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Axis in Male Rats

Cited by 89 publications

References 30 publications

The Therapeutic Role of Vitamin E or Zinc and Their Mixture Supplementation on Some Heavy Metals-Induced Testicular Functions Injuries in Male Rats.

The Therapeutic Role of Vitamin E or Zinc and Their Mixture Supplementation on Some Heavy Metals-Induced Testicular Functions Injuries in Male Rats.

Adverse Effects of Low Level Heavy Metal Exposure on Male Reproductive Function

Effect of nickel sulfate on testicular steroidogenesis in rats during protein restriction.

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