Cadmium and cardiovascular disease: An overview of pathophysiology, epidemiology, therapy, and predictive value

Lin, Hung-Chen; Hao, Weiming; Chu, Pao‐Hsien

doi:10.1016/j.repce.2021.07.031

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…There is lots of information linking cardiovascular disease risk to Cd exposure [28][29][30]. However, the link between congenital heart defects and Cd exposure is understudied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiotoxicity of Cadmium and Its Effects on Heart Efficiency During Early and Late Chick Embryogenesis

Ali,

Awadalla,

Hamed

et al. 2024

Preprint

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A dangerous heavy metal that is non-degradable in the environment is cadmium (Cd). Many organs can accumulate cadmium, and adversely affect organ function and health. Cd is considered as a teratogenic and embryotoxic agent. This study aims to evaluate the teratogenicity of cadmium at concentrations lesser than the permissible and its effects on the heart during chick embryogenesis. Fertilized eggs of the chick Gallus domesticus were divided into; control, saline injected and four experimental groups injected with single doses of 5, 25, 50 or 75 µM of CdCl2. Histological observations of the heart before hatching and the cardiomyocytes after hatching were recorded. Morphometric measurements of heart chambers were achieved at 3, 4 and 6 days of incubation. Electrocardiograph and respiratory rate were recorded at tenth day. Different cardiac problems had been brought on by Cd. In comparison to controls, the heart looked to be much larger, and in certain cases, growth retardation was seen. Degeneration in heart walls and malformations of dorsal aorta were noticed. Morphomertrically, the width and wall thickness of heart chambers showed significant fluctuations between increase and decrease. Heart beats and respiratory rate significantly decreased compared to control. One of Cd toxicity is its ability to induce cellular oxidative stress. The heart in particular is very sensitive to oxidative stress. Cardiac oxidative stress might intensify heart failure and promote disease progression. Calcium is one of the components that needed for normal heart work. Cd might interfere with calcium metabolism by removing it from the body.

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“…There is lots of information linking cardiovascular disease risk to Cd exposure [28][29][30]. However, the link between congenital heart defects and Cd exposure is understudied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiotoxicity of Cadmium and Its Effects on Heart Efficiency During Early and Late Chick Embryogenesis

Ali,

Awadalla,

Hamed

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The exposure of cadmium mainly occurs through industrial production (e.g., mining, metallurgical industries, and manufacturers of nickel-Cd batteries) ( 4 ), tobacco smoking, ambient air ( 5 ), and foods ( 6 ). Although exposure levels have decreased in recent years, cadmium still has a significant impact on various health status, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cognitive dysfunction, Alzheimer’s disease, kidney injury, arthritis, and cancer ( 3 , 7–12 ). Since the 1950s, multiple studies have suggested an association between cadmium and blood pressure and hypertension ( 13–17 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of blood cadmium with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with hypertension

Chen

Shen

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundCadmium is a commonly found heavy metal with a prolonged biological half-life, which results in long-term health burden for the population. Prior studies have demonstrated an association between blood cadmium and hypertension. However, few studies examined the relationship between blood cadmium and long-term health outcomes in patients with hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the association of blood cadmium with mortality in patients with hypertension.MethodsThis study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2012. Complex sampling-weighted multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause, cardiovascular, and Alzheimer’s disease mortality in patients with hypertension classified by blood cadmium concentrations’ quantiles.ResultsThe study included 12,208 patients with hypertension with a median follow-up duration of 10.8 years. During this period, there were 4,485 all-cause deaths, including 1,520 cardiovascular deaths and 180 Alzheimer’s disease deaths. Compared with the lowest quintile of blood cadmium (≤0.25 μg/L) group, the highest quintile of blood cadmium (≥0.80 μg/L) group’s adjusted HRs were 1.85 (95% CI, 1.59–2.14) for all-cause mortality, 1.76 (95% CI, 1.33–2.34) for cardiovascular mortality, and 3.41 (95% CI, 1.54–7.51) for Alzheimer’s disease mortality. Additionally, the adjusted HR for cardiovascular mortality was 2.12 (95% CI, 1.36–3.30) in never-smoking patients with hypertension.ConclusionHigher blood cadmium is associated with increased risks of all-cause, cardiovascular, and Alzheimer’s disease mortality in patients with hypertension. The effect of blood cadmium on cardiovascular mortality may be more pronounced in never-smoking hypertensive patients.

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“…Cadmium can be efficiently retained in organs including liver, kidney, bone, lung, and cardiovascular system, and accumulate for life, with a elimination half-life of up to 25 years 8 . A previous study suggested that the cardiovascular system may be more sensitive to cadmium exposure 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between serum cadmium and cardiovascular diseases is modified by alcohol consumption with a gender difference

Cai

Gong

2023

Preprint

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Cadmium is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant and carcinogenic heavy metal. There was a clear association between elevated serum cadmium levels and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), however, this association varied by subgroup, and previous studies have not explored the sex differences in this association or investigated whether alcohol consumption affects this association. Here, we enrolled 37,729 participants from 11 cycles (1999–2020) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to explore the association between serum cadmium and CVDs in depth. After grouping the population by gender and adjusting for potential confounders using a multivariable logistic regression modeling strategy, we observed an independent association between serum cadmium levels and CVDs. Moreover, we further included alcohol consumption as a subgroup variable, performed a subgroup multivariable logistic regression to observe whether this association was modified by alcohol consumption. We found that serum cadmium levels were significantly positively associated with most CVDs, and that this association was gender-differentiated, which was also modified by alcohol consumption. Our study provides a new perspective for further exploring the relationship between serum cadmium levels and CVDs.

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Cadmium and cardiovascular disease: An overview of pathophysiology, epidemiology, therapy, and predictive value

Cited by 9 publications

References 59 publications

Cardiotoxicity of Cadmium and Its Effects on Heart Efficiency During Early and Late Chick Embryogenesis

Cardiotoxicity of Cadmium and Its Effects on Heart Efficiency During Early and Late Chick Embryogenesis

Association of blood cadmium with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with hypertension

The association between serum cadmium and cardiovascular diseases is modified by alcohol consumption with a gender difference

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