Cadmium–Aluminum Layered Double Hydroxide Microspheres for Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

Abstract

We report the synthesis of cadmium-aluminum layered double hydroxide (CdAl LDH) using the reaction-diffusion framework. As the hydroxide anions diffuse into an agar gel matrix containing the mixture of aluminum and cadmium salts at a given ratio, they react to give the LDH. The LDH self-assembles inside the pores of the gel matrix into a unique spherical-porous shaped microstructure. The internal and external morphologies of the particles are studied by electron microscopy and tomography revealing interconnected channels and a high surface area. This material is shown to exhibit a promising performance in the photoreduction of carbon dioxide using solar light. Moreover, the palladium-decorated version shows a significant improvement in its reduction potential at room temperature.

Self-organization in precipitation reactions far from the equilibrium

“…However, one of the main novelties of precipitation reactions is that they form heterogeneous structures through physical phase transitions. This unique feature has allowed the use of propagating reaction fronts for the controlled synthesis of nanoparticles and catalytic microspheres ( 175 – 177 ). These advances open avenues toward the fabrication of dynamic structures that can be coupled to chemical “switches” or used to synthesize otherwise inaccessible nonequilibrium materials.…”

Modified Acid‐Base ZSM‐5 Derived from Core‐Shell ZSM‐5@ Aqueous Miscible Organic‐Layered Double Hydroxides for Catalytic Cracking of n‐Pentane to Light Olefins

“…2À or Cl À ), and z is the amount of water. [41] It is well-known that they have been utilized in several application, for example, adsorption, [42] drug delivery, [43] and especially catalysis including photocatalytic reaction, [44,45] water splitting, [46] CO 2 reduction [47,48] and acid-base reactions. [49,50] Recently, not only the hybrid zeolite@LDH has been fabricated, but also the transformation of coated LDH to metal oxides deposited on external surfaces of zeolite is an interesting perspective in catalysis.…”

“…The LDH formula can be represented as [M 2+ 1−x M 3+ x (OH) 2 ][A n− ] x/n ⋅ zH 2 O, where M 2+ is a divalent cation (e. g. Mg 2+ , Co 2+ or Ni 2+ ), M 3+ is a trivalent cation (e. g. Al 3+ , Fe 3+ or Cr 3+ ), A n− is an interlayer anion (e. g. CO 3 2− or Cl − ), and z is the amount of water . It is well‐known that they have been utilized in several application, for example, adsorption, drug delivery, and especially catalysis including photocatalytic reaction, water splitting, CO 2 reduction and acid‐base reactions …”

Tuning the structural properties of cadmium–aluminum layered double hydroxide for enhanced photocatalytic dye degradation

“…19 All these properties render LDHs a compelling choice as effective photocatalysts in the eld of photocatalytic water splitting, carbon dioxide reduction, and degradation of organic pollutants. [20][21][22] Recently, the photocatalytic performance of LDHs has extended from simple bicationic LDHs into more complex species such as multicationic-phased LDHs, core-shell structured LDHs, 23 doped LDHs, 24 LDHs derived mixed metal oxides, 25 and intercalated LDHs. 26 These complex LDHs offered control over many factors that affect the photocatalytic performance of these structures, including band gap, surface area, and exposed catalytic sites.…”