CAD tools for designing shoe lasts for people with diabetes

Bernabéu, José Antonio; Germani, Michele; Mandolini, Marco; Mengoni, Maura; Nester, Christopher; Preece, Stephen; Raffaeli, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.cad.2012.12.005

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Recent studies define CAD tools used to create custom shoes for general [10] and specific medical issues, such as for diabetic patients, who suffer from the disease called "diabetic foot" [11,12]. There are a wide range of studies on musculoskeletal models [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Footwear bio-modelling: An industrial approach

Davia

Jimeno-Morenilla

Salas

2013

Computer-Aided Design

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There is a growing need within the footwear sector to customise the design of the last from which a specific footwear style is to be produced. This customisation is necessary for user comfort and health reasons, as the user needs to wear a suitable shoe. For this purpose, a relationship must be established between the user foot and the last with which the style will be made; up until now, no model has existed that integrates both elements. On the one hand, traditional customised footwear manufacturing techniques are based on purely artisanal procedures which make the process arduous and complex; on the other hand, geometric models proposed by different authors present the impossibility of implementing them in an industrial environment with limited resources for the acquisition of morphometric and structural data for the foot, apart from the fact that they do not prove to be sufficiently accurate given the non similarity of the foot and last. In this paper, two interrelated geometric models are defined, the first, a bio-deformable foot model and the second, a deformable last model. The experiments completed show the goodness of the model, with it obtaining satisfactory results in terms of comfort, efficiency and precision, which make it viable for use in the sector. Footwear Bio-modelling: An industrial approachAbstract. There is a growing need within the footwear sector to customise the design of the last from which a specific footwear style is to be produced. This customisation is necessary for user comfort and health reasons, as the user needs to wear a suitable shoe. For this purpose, a relationship must be established between the user foot and the last with which the style will be made; up until now, no model has existed that integrates both elements. On the one hand, traditional customised footwear manufacturing techniques are based on purely artisanal procedures which make the process arduous and complex; on the other hand, geometric models proposed by different authors present the impossibility of implementing them in an industrial environment with limited resources for the acquisition of morphometric and structural data for the foot, apart from the fact that they do not prove to be sufficiently accurate given the non similarity of the foot and last. In this paper, two interrelated geometric models are defined, the first, a bio-deformable foot model and the second, a deformable last model. The experiments completed show the goodness of the model, with it obtaining satisfactory results in terms of comfort, efficiency and precision, which make it viable for use in the sector. -There are many different possibilities to adapt the foot surface to the last pitch (heel height). Cage-based methods (exoskeletons) perform better than others when it comes to the deformation of the surface, in that the cage can be better controlled and adapted to the foot morphology, allowing bending areas to be more accurately defined according to the characteristic curves of the foot. The paper rules out Free Form Deforma...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Footwear bio-modelling: An industrial approach

Davia

Jimeno-Morenilla

Salas

2013

Computer-Aided Design

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“…Spre exemplu, înãlþimea tocului este corelatã cu tensiunea în tendonul Achilian ºi presiunea pe antepicior, în timp ce lungimea, lãþimea la degete ºi perimetrul la degete sunt corelate cu forþele de frecare în zona antepiciorului [3]. Volumul acesteia trebuie sã þinã cont de utilizarea altor dispozitive medicale precum proteze parþiale de picior, orteze de picior sau 284 legislation by law no.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…For example, heel height is related to stress in the Achilles tendon and forefoot pressure, while length, toe width and toe girth are connected to the shear forces in the forefoot area [3]. Its volume must take into account the use of other medical devices such as partial foot prosthetics, foot or ankle orthotics, prosthetics, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2030, based on the same principle and on predictions provided by WHO, we believe that in terms of diabetes only, an estimated 700,000 people may need therapeutic footwear. One of the most important features of this type of therapeutic footwear is to ensure an optimal correlation in terms of dimension and morphology with subjects' feet, which is actually difficult to carry out under the dimensional standard for normal feet [3,11]. To this statistic, data can be added regarding the number of people with rheumatism, people with congenital deformities, people with amputations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…La nivelul anului 2030, pe baza aceluiaºi principiu ºi al predicþiilor furnizate de OMS, putem considera cã, numai în ceea ce priveºte diabetul, un numãr de aproximativ 700.000 de persoane pot avea nevoie de încãlþãminte terapeuticã. Una din cele mai importante caracteristici ale acestui tip de încãlþãminte terapeuticã constã în asigurarea unei corelaþii optime din punct de vedere dimensional ºi morfologic cu picioarele subiecþilor, fapt dificil de realizat în cadrul standardului dimensional pentru picioare normale [3,11]. La aceastã statisticã se pot adãuga date despre numãrul persoanelor cu reumatism, persoane cu deformaþii congenitale, persoane cu amputaþii.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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General Considerations on Computer-Assisted Design of Lasts for Therapeutic Footwear

Petcu¹,

Berijan²

2013

LFJ

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ABSTRACT. Medical footwear can be classified, both in terms of its role in the treatment of foot pathomechanics and in terms of the level of customization of the design process, into: therapeutic footwear, postoperative footwear, orthopedic footwear and diabetic footwear. Customized shoes for treatment of specific medical conditions fall into the category of medical devices. At international level we can no longer talk about orthopedic shoes or custom product without substantial involvement of CAD-CAM technologies. This stage of development is supported both by an effective industry and by the availability of medical and technical professions dedicated to the conservative treatment of foot pathomechanics. This paper makes an overview of both the technological process and design technologies for lasts of therapeutic footwear. KEY WORDS: therapeutic footwear, lasts, technologies CONSIDERAÞII GENERALE PRIVIND PROIECTAREA ASISTATÃ DE CALCULATOR A CALAPOADELOR PENTRU ÎNCÃLÞÃMINTEA TERAPEUTICÃ REZUMAT. Încãlþãmintea medicalã poate fi clasificatã, atât în funcþie de rolul ei în cadrul tratamentului patologiilor mecanice ale piciorului, cât ºi în funcþie de nivelul de personalizare a procesului de proiectare, în: încãlþãminte terapeuticã, postoperativã, ortopedicã sau pentru diabetici. Încãlþãmintea individualizatã destinatã tratamentului unei afecþiuni medicale specifice intrã în categoria dispozitivelor medicale. La nivel internaþional nu se mai poate vorbi despre încãlþãminte ortopedicã sau produs personalizat fãrã implicarea substanþialã a tehnologiilor CAD-CAM. Acest stadiu de dezvoltare este susþinut atât de o industrie de profil eficientã, cât ºi de existenþa unor profesii medicale ºi tehnice dedicate tratamentului conservator al patologiilor mecanice ale piciorului. Articolul de faþã face o trecere în revistã atât a procesului tehnologic, cât ºi a tehnologiilor de proiectare a calapoadelor pentru încãlþãmintea terapeuticã. CUVINTE CHEIE: încãlþãminte terapeuticã, calapoade, tehnologii DES CONSIDÉRATIONS GÉNÉRALES SUR LA CONCEPTION ASSISTÉE PAR ORDINATEUR DES FORMES POUR LES CHAUSSURES THERAPÉUTIQUESRÉSUMÉ. Les chaussures médicaux peuvent être classées, à la fois par leur rôle dans le traitement des pathologies mécaniques du pied et aussi en fonction du niveau de la personnalisation du processus de conception, dans: des chaussures thérapeutiques, post-opératoires, orthopédiques ou pour les diabétiques. Les chaussures personnalisées pour le traitement de conditions médicales spécifiques entrent dans la catégorie des dispositifs médicaux. Au niveau international on ne peut plus parler de chaussures orthopédiques ou produit personnalisé sans une participation importante des technologies CAO-FAO. Ce stade de développement est soutenu par une industrie efficace et par la disponibilité des professions médicaux et techniques dédiées au traitement conservateur des pathologies mécaniques du pied. Ce document passe en revue à la fois le processus technologique et les technologies de conception de la forme de chaussures thé...

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