CAD/CAM-machining effects on Y-TZP zirconia

Study of the Mechanical Properties of the Novel Zirconia-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement

“…8 In the early 1990s, zirconia was popularized into dentistry as endodontic posts, 9 later on as implant abutments 10 and hard framework cores for crowns and fixed partial dentures (FPDs). 11 The accessible zirconia powders have different grain sizes and different additives, such as yttrium oxide and alumina, which can be distributed homogeneously throughout the whole material or higher concentration at grain borders. 12 The grain-size variety affects the resulting porosity as well as the translucency of the material.…”

Fracture resistance of zirconia and resin nano ceramic implant abutments according to thickness after thermocycling

“…It is well known that zirconia material is highly susceptible to surface modifications and improper handling techniques. 23 Although some former studies showed that the prepared zirconia abutments did not yield statistically significant difference compared with unprepared ones, the current literatures does not provide exact information about this issue. 9,10 Hence there is still a need of guideline for the preparation of zirconia abutments as well as the minimal wall thickness of abutment that guarantees long-term stability.…”

Retrieval and Replacement of Fractured Zirconia Abutment

“…12,31,32 Furthermore, the low temperature degradation of zirconia, especially in the presence of moisture (water, vapor, body fluid, steam sterilization) causes its spontaneous transformation from a tetragonal phase into monoclinic phase, thereby decreasing the overall strength of the material. [33][34][35] The aforementioned factors can individually or collectively cause the fracture of a zirconia abutment.…”