CaCO₃-based carriers with prolonged release properties for antifungal drug delivery to hair follicles

Abstract

Superficial fungal infections are of serious concern worldwide due to their morbidity and increasing distribution across the globe in this era of growing antimicrobial resistance. Delivery of antifungals to target...

Ultrasound-Triggerable Coatings for Foley Catheter Balloons for Local Release of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs during Bladder Neck Dilation

“…Here, local diffusion of the 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein into the gel over the entire coating area was detected. Note that, apart from robust triggering to open the microchambers, the ultrasound also facilitated the penetration of substances [ 32 , 33 , 34 ] and particles [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ] into the biological tissues and structures. Balloon inflation without ultrasonic treatment did not lead to such visible gel staining ( Figure 2 G).…”

Cytotoxicity, Dermal Toxicity, and In Vivo Antifungal Effect of Griseofulvin-Loaded Vaterite Carriers Administered via Sonophoresis

“…Vaterite particles represent prospective carriers for drug delivery as providing biocompatibility, biodegradability, high payload ability, and low prime cost. − The efficiency of their application as drug carriers was multiply demonstrated for the delivery of a wide range of therapeutic agents, such as proteins, − enzymes, , and high and low molecular drugs, ,− including water poorly soluble antifungal ones. − Various delivery routes were shown suitable for their transportation . Importantly, it has been convincingly demonstrated that the use of vaterite carriers enabled the delivery of encapsulated substances into the hair follicles upon their topical application. − ,− Previous studies have also revealed the high potential of vaterite particles for intracellular drug delivery. − Vaterite represents one of the crystalline modifications of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) .…”

“…Importantly, it has been convincingly demonstrated that the use of vaterite carriers enabled the delivery of encapsulated substances into the hair follicles upon their topical application. − ,− Previous studies have also revealed the high potential of vaterite particles for intracellular drug delivery. − Vaterite represents one of the crystalline modifications of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) . This polymorph is porous and metastable; thus, the cargo release from vaterite particles in various media is driven by their dissolution either during the recrystallization to calcite , or during the degradation. , The rate of these processes strongly depends on the surrounding conditions (such as pH, temperature or ionic strength of the media, presence of different ions or additives, ,,, system’s openness/closedness) and the parameters of the carrier itself (size, shape, presence of a covering shell, structure of a covering shell ,,− ). Particularly, low pH values of media accelerate the dissolution of vaterite particles, while protein adsorption on their surface significantly inhibits both dissolution and recrystallization processes resulting in a slower drug release rate .…”

“…Particularly, low pH values of media accelerate the dissolution of vaterite particles, while protein adsorption on their surface significantly inhibits both dissolution and recrystallization processes resulting in a slower drug release rate . Being delivered to hair follicles, the particles serve as an intrafollicular depot for drug storage and prolonged in situ release over time, until they are completely resorbed within the follicles. , Due to the aforementioned properties, the vaterite particles have shown the effectiveness in the dermal bioavailability enhancement for antifungal drugs as well, opening the prospects for design of novel topical forms on their basis. − …”

“…Moreover, the energy of US waves passing through the soft tissue is partially absorbed that might lead to the local temperature increase and possibly affect the cell viability. We have previously shown that submicron Gf-loaded vaterite particles can be successfully internalized by cell subpopulations presented in the skin, while demonstrating sufficient biocompatibility for up to 500 particles per cell concentrations . However, these cytotoxicity studies were conducted in the absence of US treatment.…”