Caco‐2 accumulation of lutein is greater from human milk than from infant formula despite similar bioaccessibility

Lipkie, Tristan E.; Banavara, Dattatreya S.; Shah, Bhavini; Morrow, Ardythe L.; McMahon, Robert J.; Jouni, Zeina E.; Ferruzzi, Mario G.

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201400126

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A research carried out in infant rhesus macaques have also confirmed that feeding those animals with a mixture of feed enriched with carotenoids increases the saturation degree of their brain tissue in lutein but the increase in the amount of β-carotene, zeaxanthin and lycopene was negligible and below threshold of detection, what suggests the significance of lutein for the developing brain [ 123 ]. Due to lower bioaccessibility of lutein from infant formulas, it is necessary to consider a 4.5-fold increase in its concentration in relation to the levels found in breast milk [ 118 , 122 , 124 ].…”

Section: Infant Feeding Methods and Infant Carotenoid Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects of Carotenoids during Pregnancy and Lactation

Zielińska

Wesołowska

Pawlus³

et al. 2017

Nutrients

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Adequate nutrition is particularly important during pregnancy since it is needed not only for maintaining the health of the mother, but also determines the course of pregnancy and its outcome, fetus development as well as the child’s health after birth and during the later period of life. Data coming from epidemiological and interventions studies support the observation that carotenoids intake provide positive health effects in adults and the elderly population. These health effects are the result of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies have also demonstrated the significant role of carotenoids during pregnancy and infancy. Some studies indicate a correlation between carotenoid status and lower risk of pregnancy pathologies induced by intensified oxidative stress, but results of these investigations are equivocal. Carotenoids have been well studied in relation to their beneficial role in the prevention of preeclampsia. It is currently hypothesized that carotenoids can play an important role in the prevention of preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction. Carotenoid status in the newborn depends on the nutritional status of the mother, but little is known about the transfer of carotenoids from the mother to the fetus. Carotenoids are among the few nutrients found in breast milk, in which the levels are determined by the mother’s diet. Nutritional status of the newborn directly depends on its diet. Both mix feeding and artificial feeding may cause depletion of carotenoids since infant formulas contain only trace amounts of these compounds. Carotenoids, particularly lutein and zeaxanthin play a significant role in the development of vision and nervous system (among others, they are important for the development of retina as well as energy metabolism and brain electrical activity). Furthermore, more scientific evidence is emerging on the role of carotenoids in the prevention of disorders affecting preterm infants, who are susceptible to oxidative stress, particularly retinopathy of prematurity.

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Section: Infant Feeding Methods and Infant Carotenoid Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects of Carotenoids during Pregnancy and Lactation

Zielińska

Wesołowska

Pawlus³

et al. 2017

Nutrients

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“…Carotenoids were extracted from infant and maternal plasma in blinded, randomized order according to the method of Lipkie, et al [ 23 ]. Briefly, 100 μL plasma was deproteinized with 250 μL methanol, and extracted 3 times with 1 mL 1:2 acetone/petroleum ether with 0.1% BHT.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Survey of Carotenoids in Human Milk from Urban Cohorts in China, Mexico, and the USA

et al. 2015

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Emerging evidence indicates that carotenoids may have particular roles in infant nutrition and development, yet data on the profile and bioavailability of carotenoids from human milk remain sparse. Milk was longitudinally collected at 2, 4, 13, and 26 weeks postpartum from twenty mothers each in China, Mexico, and the USA in the Global Exploration of Human Milk Study (n = 60 donors, n = 240 samples). Maternal and neonatal plasma was analyzed for carotenoids from the USA cohort at 4 weeks postpartum. Carotenoids were analyzed by HPLC and total lipids by Creamatocrit. Across all countries and lactation stages, the top four carotenoids were lutein (median 114.4 nmol/L), β-carotene (49.4 nmol/L), β-cryptoxanthin (33.8 nmol/L), and lycopene (33.7 nmol/L). Non-provitamin A carotenoids (nmol/L) and total lipids (g/L) decreased (p<0.05) with increasing lactation stage, except the provitamin A carotenoids α- and β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene did not significantly change (p>0.05) with lactation stage. Total carotenoid content and lutein content were greatest from China, yet lycopene was lowest from China (p<0.0001). Lutein, β-cryptoxanthin, and β-carotene, and lycopene concentrations in milk were significantly correlated to maternal plasma and neonatal plasma concentrations (p<0.05), with the exception that lycopene was not significantly associated between human milk and neonatal plasma (p>0.3). This enhanced understanding of neonatal exposure to carotenoids during development may help guide dietary recommendations and design of human milk mimetics.

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“…Breast-milk carotenoids are related to maternal serum carotenoids (107), which are influenced not only by diet but also likely by conditions known to influence serum carotenoid levels, such as obesity, smoking, and alcohol use and markers of inflammation (63). L in breast milk appears to be approximately fourfold more bioavailable than L in infant formulas to date (22, 106). Given the presence and accumulation of L and Z in the eye in gestation and infancy, and the potential for influence on lifelong vision, additional research is critically needed to establish requirements for L and Z intake in infancy.…”

Section: Accumulation Of Lutein and Isomers Over The Neonatal Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lutein and Zeaxanthin Isomers in Eye Health and Disease

Mares

2016

Annu. Rev. Nutr.

179

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Current evidence suggests lutein and its isomers play important roles in ocular development in utero and throughout the life span, in vision performance in young and later adulthood, and in lowering risk for the development of common age-related eye diseases in older age. These xanthophyll (oxygen-containing) carotenoids are found in a wide variety of vegetables and fruits, and they are present in especially high concentrations in leafy green vegetables. Additionally, egg yolks and human milk appear to be bioavailable sources. The prevalence of lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin in supplements is increasing. Setting optimal and safe ranges of intake requires additional research, particularly in pregnant and lactating women. Accumulating evidence about variable interindividual response to dietary intake of these carotenoids, based on genetic or metabolic influences, suggests that there may be subgroups that benefit from higher levels of intake and/or alternate strategies to improve lutein and zeaxanthin status.

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Caco‐2 accumulation of lutein is greater from human milk than from infant formula despite similar bioaccessibility

Abstract: These data suggest that the bioavailability of carotenoids is greater from human milk than infant formula primarily due to intestinal absorptive processes, and that absorption of lutein is potentiated by factors from human milk especially at low lutein concentration.

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Health Effects of Carotenoids during Pregnancy and Lactation

Health Effects of Carotenoids during Pregnancy and Lactation

Longitudinal Survey of Carotenoids in Human Milk from Urban Cohorts in China, Mexico, and the USA

Lutein and Zeaxanthin Isomers in Eye Health and Disease

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