Cachexia among US cancer patients

Arthur, Susan T.; Doren, Bryce Van; Roy, Debosree; Noone, JM; Zacherle, E; Blanchette, Christopher M.

doi:10.1080/13696998.2016.1181640

Cited by 54 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, cancer treatment including radiotherapy [ 7 ], chemotherapy [ 8 ], and supportive care such as hospitalization [ 9 ] or the use of corticosteroids may cause muscle dysfunction [ 10 ]. Consequently, skeletal muscle depletion may cause physical dysfunction [ 11 – 14 ] and develop disability [ 15 – 17 ] before and during cancer treatment in NSCLC. Currently however, limited information exists on the quantitative association between loss of skeletal muscle mass and physical dysfunction in elderly patients with advanced NSCLC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal muscle depletion during chemotherapy has a large impact on physical function in elderly Japanese patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer

Naito

Okayama

Aoyama³

et al. 2017

BMC Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundElderly patient with advanced cancer is one of the most vulnerable populations. Skeletal muscle depletion during chemotherapy may have substantial impact on their physical function. However, there is little information about a direct relationship between quantity of muscle and physical function. We sought to explore the quantitative association between skeletal muscle depletion, and muscle strength and walking capacity in elderly patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsThirty patients aged ≥70 years with advanced NSCLC (stage III-IV) scheduled to initiate first-line chemotherapy were prospectively enrolled between January 2013 and November 2014. Lumbar skeletal muscle index (LSMI, cm2/m2), incremental shuttle walking distance (ISWD, m), and hand-grip strength (HGS, kg) were assessed at baseline, and 6 ± 2 weeks (T2) and 12 ± 4 weeks (T3) after study enrollment. Associations were analyzed using linear regression.ResultsAltogether, 11 women and 19 men with a median age of 74 (range, 70–82) years were included in the study; 24 received cytotoxic chemotherapy and 6, gefitinib. Mean ± standard deviation of LSMI, ISWD and HGS were 41.2 ± 7.8 cm2/m2, 326.0 ± 127.9 m, and 29.3 ± 8.5 kg, respectively. LSMI and ISWD significantly declined from baseline to T2 and T3. HGS significantly declined from baseline to T2 and T3 only in men. Change in LSMI was significantly associated with change in HGS (β = 0.3 ± 0.1, p = 0.0127) and ISWD (β = 8.8 ± 2.4, p = 0.0005).ConclusionsSkeletal muscle depletion accompanied with physical functional decline started in the early phase of the chemotherapy in elderly patients with advanced NSCLC. Our results suggest that there may be a need for early supportive care in these patients to prevent functional decline during chemotherapy.Trial registrationTrial registration number: UMIN000009768 Name of registry: UMIN (University hospital Medical Information Network).URL of registry: Date of registration: 14 January 2013.Date of enrolment of the first participant to the trial: 23 January 2013.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal muscle depletion during chemotherapy has a large impact on physical function in elderly Japanese patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer

Naito

Okayama

Aoyama³

et al. 2017

BMC Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, a number of pharmacological agents [ 9 – 11 ] and multimodal care approaches [ 12 ] are currently being assessed in clinical trials. Patients with cancer cachexia have poor physical function [ 13 ] and are at high risk for disabilities, prolonged hospitalizations, and in-hospital death [ 14 ]. As a result, patients with cancer cachexia are less likely to tolerate cancer treatment [ 15 ] and have poorer quality of life and prognosis [ 8 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unfavorable impact of cancer cachexia on activity of daily living and need for inpatient care in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in Japan: a prospective longitudinal observational study

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCancer cachexia in elderly patients may substantially impact physical function and medical dependency. The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of cachexia on activity of daily living (ADL), length of hospital stay, and inpatient medical costs among elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving chemotherapy.MethodsThirty patients aged ≥70 years with advanced NSCLC (stage III-IV) scheduled to receive first-line chemotherapy were prospectively enrolled between January 2013 and November 2014. ADL was assessed using the Barthel index. The disability-free survival time (DFS) was calculated as the time between the date of study entry and the date of onset of a disabling event, which was defined as a 10-point decrease in the Barthel index from that at baseline. The mean cumulative function of the length of hospital stay and inpatient medical costs (¥, Japanese yen) was calculated.ResultsThe study patients comprised 11 women and 19 men, with a median age of 74 (range, 70–82) years. Cachexia was diagnosed in 19 (63%) patients. Cachectic patients had a shorter DFS (7.5 vs. 17.1 months, p < 0.05). During the first year from study entry, cachectic patients had longer cumulative lengths of hospital stay (80.7 vs. 38.5 days/person, p < 0.05), more frequent unplanned hospital visits or hospitalizations (4.2 vs. 1.7 times/person, p < 0.05), and higher inpatient medical costs (¥3.5 vs. ¥2.1 million/person, p < 0.05) than non-cachectic patients.ConclusionsElderly NSCLC patients with cachexia showed higher risks for disability, prolonged hospitalizations, and higher inpatient medical costs while receiving chemotherapy than patients without cachexia. Our results might indicate that there is a potential need for an early intervention to minimize progression to or development of cachexia, improve functional prognosis, and reduce healthcare resource burden in this population.Trial registrationTrial registration number: UMIN000009768. Name of registry: UMIN (University hospital Medical Information Network). Date of registration: 14 January 2013. Date of enrolment of the first participant to the trial: 23 January 2013.

show abstract

“…Weight loss and poor body condition have been correlated with increased morbidity and mortality in both human and veterinary cancer patients . Additionally, weight loss has been documented as an important contributing cause of humane euthanasia in veterinary patients with chronic disease .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of weight loss in canine cancer bearing patients undergoing radiation therapy

Callanan

Pfeiffer

Smith

2019

Vet Comparative Oncology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Critical weight loss, as defined by ≥5% decrease in body weight, has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in human patients with cancers of the head and neck. Weight loss has anecdotally been reported to occur frequently in veterinary patients undergoing radiation therapy and is hypothesized to be more severe in patients with cancers of the head and neck, along with those hospitalized during radiation therapy. The primary objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the occurrence of critical weight loss in canine cancer bearing patients undergoing either definitive or palliative radiation protocols and to determine if weight changes were associated with radiation toxicity, tumour location or patient hospitalization status.Data from 47 dogs who underwent definitive and 43 dogs who underwent palliative radiation protocols at the University of Tennessee were included for analysis. Dogs were categorized based on tumour location (head/neck or other), hospitalization status (boarded or non-boarded) and radiation toxicity score. Weight recorded at the start of treatment, midway through treatment and at the final treatment was used for analysis. No significant differences were found in regard to weight change over time, location or hospitalization status when evaluated for both protocols. Overall, 5/90 dogs (5.5%) lost 5% or more of their body weight during therapy, and 7/90 dogs (7.7%) gained 5% or more of their body weight. The results of the current study suggest that critical weight loss occurs in a small percentage of canine patients undergoing radiation therapy, contrary to what is often anecdotally reported. K E Y W O R D Scancer, canine, radiation therapy, weight loss

show abstract

Cachexia among US cancer patients

Cited by 54 publications

References 18 publications

Skeletal muscle depletion during chemotherapy has a large impact on physical function in elderly Japanese patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer

Skeletal muscle depletion during chemotherapy has a large impact on physical function in elderly Japanese patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer

Unfavorable impact of cancer cachexia on activity of daily living and need for inpatient care in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in Japan: a prospective longitudinal observational study

Evaluation of weight loss in canine cancer bearing patients undergoing radiation therapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About