Ca++, Histidin und Zn++ als Faktoren bei der Riesenzellbildung durch das Herpes-Virus hominis

Falke, D.

doi:10.1007/bf02150009

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The inhibitory activity on FFWI has been reported earlier [8]. Unfortunately, Zn + + ions bind to many enzymes and proteins [-10, 21, 29], abolishing the possibiiiicy of pinpointing fusion proteins or processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Characterization of fusion from without induced by herpes simplex virus

Walev

Wollert²,

Weise³

et al. 1991

Archives of Virology

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The process of fusion from without (FFWO) induced by herpes simplex virus (HSV) was analyzed by using various inhibitors and compared to fusion from within (FFWI). The fate of certain elements of the cytoskeleton after FFWO was also investigated. Our experiments demonstrate FFWO as a very suitable system for study of early virus-cell interactions. Zn++ ions proved inhibitory for penetration whilst pretreatment of cells with Ca++ ions before infection enhanced FFWO activity. Dissociation of penetration from the fusion process itself was possible by use of Zn++ ions, low pH-treatment and antiserum on the one hand and N-ethylmaleimide and cytochalasin D on the other. Penetration itself needs only 6 min or less to proceed. FFWO is independent of inhibitors of glycosylation (tunicamycin) and intracellular vesicular traffic (monensin), protein-synthesis (cycloheximide) and energy-delivery (2.4 dinitrophenol and Na-azide). Analyzed strains of HSV-1 and -2 producing FFWI could be subgrouped into three categories: Strain ANG with high, strain HFEM and Lux with low and strains IES, Len, MP, US with no FFWO activity. The results of these experiments indicate that the property of FFWO is not purely a consequence of the number of PFU but depends on certain inherent properties of the virus particles. Addition of heparin as well as treatment of cells with heparitinase effectively prevented FFWO, indicating identical virus receptors for entrance of virus into cells and FFWO. During our studies several calf sera were found to inhibit FFWO-activity. Inhibition of FFWO by a glycoconjugate (ferritin coupled with oleic acid) indicates specific stereochemical hindrance of FFWO by this compound. Shortly after FFWO the actin filaments rearrange to form long fibres and surface fibronectin is being lost from the cell membrane.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Ca + + ions in cell culture media are necessary to allow HSV-induced fusion (FFWI) [8]. We therefore tested the influence of Ca + and other divalent cations, namely Zn + +, Mn + +, and Cu + + ions on FFWO.…”

Section: Influence Of Mono and Divalent Cations Of Ffwomentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of fusion from without induced by herpes simplex virus

Walev

Wollert²,

Weise³

et al. 1991

Archives of Virology

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“…An early study (Falke, 1967) (Fridlender et al, 1978) and this effect was taken to explain in vivo HSV inhibition as observed in their virus-cell system Shlomai et al, 1975). Gupta & Rapp (1976) interpreted their data on the allegedly specific failure of zinc-treated infected cells to synthezise certain viral proteins as an additional explanation for the inhibitory effect of ZnSO4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhibitory effects of zinc salts on the replication of HSV have been studied in various systems since 1967 (Falke, 1967;Gordon et al, 1975;Shlomai et al, 1975). In cell homogenates, Fridlender et al (1978) found HSV DNA polymerase to be inhibited by zinc ions at a lower concentration than the cellular DNA polymerases 0t and ft.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of the Antiherpetic Activity of Zinc Sulphate

Kümel

Schrader²,

Zentgraf

et al. 1990

Journal of General Virology

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The molecular mechanism of the effects of zinc ions against herpes simples virus (HSV) infection was investigated. Zinc sulphate (100 ~tM) in the culture medium of an HSV-infected African green monkey kidney cell line did not block viral DNA synthesis and, at this concentration, only moderate cytotoxic effects were observed in uninfected cells. Nevertheless, virus yields were reduced to less than 1%0 of the control. Thus the long standing hypothesis that zinc might block multiplication of HSV by selective intranuclear inhibition of the viral DNA polymerase apparently has lost its validity. Inhibition of virus growth in the absence of severe cytotoxicity must therefore result from other effects of ZnSO4. Free virus is inactivated by 15 mM-ZnSO4 within a few hours of its addition.The inactivated virus is defective in the glycoproteindependent functions of penetration and, to some extent, adsorption. Electron micrographs show massive deposition of zinc onto virion components. In a virion, transmembrane transport of zinc ions is not expected and the established antiviral effect is therefore explained by an inhibition of virion glycoprotein function after non-specific accumulation of zinc into many virion membrane components.

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“…As a positive control-eg, cells which contain cell surface-bound fibronectin-primary rabbit kidney cells [41] were used.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fibronectin is apparently not involved in species‐specific reaggregation of cells from the marine sponge geodia cydonium

Conrad

Diehl‐Seifert

Ζahn

et al. 1982

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that fibronectin is involved in reaggregation of dissociated sponge cells. Cells from the siliceous sponge Geodia cydonium were extracted with urea to solubilize fibronectin from cells of higher multicellular organisms. The crude extract was further fractionated by DNA, heparin, and collagen affinity chromatography; they were termed Geodia fibronectin like fractions. The fibronectin like fractions contained a series of proteins with molecular weights different from that of the genuine fibronectin. The Geodia fibronectin like fractions did not react with antiserum, produced against human fibronectin, under formation of a precipitin line. Using this antiserum the sponge cells could not be specifically labeled with FITC-anti-IgG antiserum. Radioimmunoprecipitation experiments revealed that the Geodia fractions contain--if at all--0.1% fibronectin or fibronectin like protein at the most. In the crucial experiments it was shown that the Geodia fibronectinlike fractions, human fibronectin, and antifibronectin antiserum exerted no influence on adhesion of Geodia cells either in the absence or in the presence of the soluble aggregation factor. Based on these findings, we conclude that fibronectin is apparently not present on Geodia cells and does not play a role in aggregation of this biological system.

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Ca++, Histidin und Zn++ als Faktoren bei der Riesenzellbildung durch das Herpes-Virus hominis

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Characterization of fusion from without induced by herpes simplex virus

Characterization of fusion from without induced by herpes simplex virus

The Mechanism of the Antiherpetic Activity of Zinc Sulphate

Fibronectin is apparently not involved in species‐specific reaggregation of cells from the marine sponge geodia cydonium

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