C4 Plants Adaptation to High Levels of CO2 and to Drought Environments

Lara, Marı́a V.; Andreo, Carlos S.

doi:10.5772/24936

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In view of on-going climate change, combinatorial abiotic stresses and the future of crop productivity, eCO 2 takes center stage (Lara and Andreo, 2011;Gray and Brady, 2016). Under eCO 2 conditions, most plants shut stomata, limiting stomatal conductance and water loss (Zhang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic pathways engineering for drought or/and heat tolerance in cereals

Liu,

Zenda,

Tian

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drought (D) and heat (H) are the two major abiotic stresses hindering cereal crop growth and productivity, either singly or in combination (D/+H), by imposing various negative impacts on plant physiological and biochemical processes. Consequently, this decreases overall cereal crop production and impacts global food availability and human nutrition. To achieve global food and nutrition security vis-a-vis global climate change, deployment of new strategies for enhancing crop D/+H stress tolerance and higher nutritive value in cereals is imperative. This depends on first gaining a mechanistic understanding of the mechanisms underlying D/+H stress response. Meanwhile, functional genomics has revealed several stress-related genes that have been successfully used in target-gene approach to generate stress-tolerant cultivars and sustain crop productivity over the past decades. However, the fast-changing climate, coupled with the complexity and multigenic nature of D/+H tolerance suggest that single-gene/trait targeting may not suffice in improving such traits. Hence, in this review-cum-perspective, we advance that targeted multiple-gene or metabolic pathway manipulation could represent the most effective approach for improving D/+H stress tolerance. First, we highlight the impact of D/+H stress on cereal crops, and the elaborate plant physiological and molecular responses. We then discuss how key primary metabolism- and secondary metabolism-related metabolic pathways, including carbon metabolism, starch metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) biosynthesis, and phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling can be modified using modern molecular biotechnology approaches such as CRISPR-Cas9 system and synthetic biology (Synbio) to enhance D/+H tolerance in cereal crops. Understandably, several bottlenecks hinder metabolic pathway modification, including those related to feedback regulation, gene functional annotation, complex crosstalk between pathways, and metabolomics data and spatiotemporal gene expressions analyses. Nonetheless, recent advances in molecular biotechnology, genome-editing, single-cell metabolomics, and data annotation and analysis approaches, when integrated, offer unprecedented opportunities for pathway engineering for enhancing crop D/+H stress tolerance and improved yield. Especially, Synbio-based strategies will accelerate the development of climate resilient and nutrient-dense cereals, critical for achieving global food security and combating malnutrition.

show abstract

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic pathways engineering for drought or/and heat tolerance in cereals

Liu,

Zenda,

Tian

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mesophyll CO 2 concentration (C i ) was significantly related to stomatal efficiency (r = -0.793**) and carboxylation efficiency (r = -0.917**). Therefore, it suggests that RuBisCo activity could be preferred in addition to gas exchange rate as finger millet is a C 4 plant, which has CO 2 concentrating mechanism [30].…”

Section: Photosynthetic Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Photosynthetic Rate, Anatomical Characters, and Grain Yield in Finger Millet Genotypes

Reddy

2020

CJAST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.) yield improvement has been achieved through development of blast resistant varieties and adoption of appropriate management practices. However, yield improvement is approaching stagnation and further improvement could be possible by inclusion of physiological traits in addition to yield per se. In this direction, nine selected genotypes for high net assimilation were compared with popular Cv. GPU-28 for photosynthetic, anatomical, and yield contributing traits to identify a better genotype and physiological traits associated with grain yield. Results revealed that the photosynthetic rate did not differ significantly between genotypes, but influenced the grain yield through increased earhead size and harvest index. Path analysis showed a direct positive effect of photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, mean earhead size and productive tillers towards grain yield. The photosynthetic rate was positively associated with leaf lamina thickness and vein frequency. Therefore, for finger millet yield improvement, traits like photosynthetic rate/ transpiration rate and mean earhead size with 3 to 4 tillers could be selected. Variety, GPU-28 which is widely cultivated had better photosynthetic traits and grain yield attributes, this variety can be used as important baseline check for both photosynthetic rate and grain yield in finger millet yield improvement programmes.

show abstract

“…However, Rubisco catalyzes two competing processes: (1) Carboxylation through which carbon is converted to sugars, and (2) oxygenation, where oxygen is added to RuBP creating phosphoglycolate which serves no metabolic purpose and is toxic at high concentrations [92]. Processing phosphoglycolate requires photorespiration which is energy demanding and results in a loss of 25-30% fixed carbon [93]. C 4 photosynthesis overcomes this limitation by spatially separating the sites of CO 2 fixation and assimilation, thus suppressing the oxygenase activity of RuBP.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall Variability, Wetland Persistence, and Water–Carbon Cycle Coupling in the Upper Zambezi River Basin in Southern Africa

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The Upper Zambezi River Basin (UZRB) delineates a complex region of topographic, soil and rainfall gradients between the Congo rainforest and the Kalahari Desert. Satellite imagery shows permanent wetlands in low-lying convergence zones where surface-groundwater interactions are vigorous. A dynamic wetland classification based on MODIS Nadir BRDF-Adjusted Reflectance is developed to capture the inter-annual and seasonal changes in areal extent due to groundwater redistribution and rainfall variability. Simulations of the coupled water-carbon cycles of seasonal wetlands show nearly double rates of carbon uptake as compared to dry areas, at increasingly lower water-use efficiencies as the dry season progresses. Thus, wetland extent and persistence into the dry season is key to the UZRB's carbon sink and water budget. Whereas groundwater recharge governs the expansion of wetlands in the rainy season under large-scale forcing, wetland persistence in April-June (wet-dry transition months) is tied to daily morning fog and clouds, and by afternoon land-atmosphere interactions (isolated convection). Rainfall suppression in July-September results from colder temperatures, weaker regional circulations, and reduced instability in the lower troposphere, shutting off moisture recycling in the dry season despite high evapotranspiration rates. The co-organization of precipitation and wetlands reflects land-atmosphere interactions that determine wetland seasonal persistence, and the coupled water and carbon cycles.

show abstract

C4 Plants Adaptation to High Levels of CO2 and to Drought Environments

Cited by 13 publications

References 74 publications

Metabolic pathways engineering for drought or/and heat tolerance in cereals

Metabolic pathways engineering for drought or/and heat tolerance in cereals

Studies on Photosynthetic Rate, Anatomical Characters, and Grain Yield in Finger Millet Genotypes

Rainfall Variability, Wetland Persistence, and Water–Carbon Cycle Coupling in the Upper Zambezi River Basin in Southern Africa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About