C-wave versus electrooculogram in diseases of the retinal pigment epithelium

Röver, J.; Bach, Michael

doi:10.1007/bf00149945

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The small drusen seen in our patients are thin, uniform in size, and radially aligned to the fovea whereas so 49,[55][56][57] Genetic testing of patients with cuticular or basal laminar drusen for the EFEMP1 mutation should help to determine the relationship between this disorder and ML/DHRD. There are conflicting reports regarding the functional attributes of various dominantly-inherited drusen syndromes with respect to the ERG and EOG, [4][5][6]8,15,41,46,47,56,[58][59][60][61][62][63] colour vision, 4,8,11,44,58,64 and dark adaptation. 4,6,8,41,44,46,58,63,65 This disparity in findings may be related to several factors that include the definition of inherited vs age-related drusen, 61,62 the sensitivity of the tests employed, the stage of the disease, or whether they represent the same or different disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptomatic abnormalities of dark adaptation in patients with EFEMP1 retinal dystrophy (Malattia Leventinese/Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy)

Haimovici

Wroblewski

Piguet

et al. 2002

Eye

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptomatic abnormalities of dark adaptation in patients with EFEMP1 retinal dystrophy (Malattia Leventinese/Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy)

Haimovici

Wroblewski

Piguet

et al. 2002

Eye

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“…The results from electro-oculograms (EOGs), non-photic EOGs, electroretinograms (ERGs), pattern electroretinograms (PERGs), and multifocal ERGs are controversial. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Psychophysically determined losses of rod sensitivity have been reported to occur before other symptoms. [24][25][26] Slight losses of visual acuity occur in patients with large soft drusen, and there may be slight and various changes with Amsler chart.…”

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confidence: 99%

Colour vision testing as an aid to diagnosis and management of age related maculopathy

Arden

Wolf²

2004

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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Aim: To provide a simple test that detects the onset of age related maculopathy (ARM), and can be used to monitor its severity. Methods: Colour contrast sensitivity was measured using computer graphics techniques. Colour thresholds were measured along tritan and protan colour confusion axes in the presence of dynamic luminance noise. Thresholds were determined separately for two sizes of optotypes (6.5˚and 1.5˚). Natural pupils were used. Normal values for the test have been established. Results: In all patients with unilateral age related macular degeneration, the smaller optotype was invisible in that eye and in almost all, the larger optotype could not be seen. In the symptomless fellow eyes (with ARM) the larger optotype thresholds were raised. The degree of loss was larger for tritan. For the smaller optotype, protan thresholds were elevated in the majority of patients. Tritan losses were greater and disproportionate to the loss seen with the larger optotype. Every person including those with minimal fundal changes had tritan test results for 1.5 degree optotypes .2 SD above the normal mean. Tritan thresholds varied with the severity of the ARM. Conclusions: The test is sensitive, simple and quick to administer, and easy for patients. Therefore, it should be useful in detecting and monitoring elderly people with age related changes in their fundi before irreversible loss of vision has occurred. I t is common for ophthalmologists to see patients with age related maculopathy (ARM) only after considerable uniocular irreversible visual loss has occurred.1-5 A screening programme involving simpler tests that could be carried out by non-specialists 6 10 is needed to identify ''at risk'' patients who have no symptoms. Even if methods of treatment are not very efficacious, the condition is so common that screening would result in very considerable sight saving. 11 12Various methods have been proposed. The results from electro-oculograms (EOGs), non-photic EOGs, electroretinograms (ERGs), pattern electroretinograms (PERGs), and multifocal ERGs are controversial. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Psychophysically determined losses of rod sensitivity have been reported to occur before other symptoms. [24][25][26] [41][42][43][44] small losses occur in otherwise symptomless patients after a period as short as a year.41 This paper is the first report on the possibility of screening using (in a small series) a modified method of colour contrast sensitivity testing. Apart from technical modifications to software and hardware, we investigated the effect of using a flashed smaller optotype confined to the central macula. The sensitivity for detecting ARM was thereby improved and the results suggest how screening for ARM might be carried out in larger surveys. METHODS EquipmentColour contrast sensitivity was measured with a revised version of the equipment used in previous work. [32][33][34] In this test, isoluminant coloured optotypes are generated on a calibrated monitor, on a white background of ,20 cd.m 2 and ...

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“…In this way, the work of many authors was considerable [3-6, 8, 14, 15], In the last 6 years the clinical evaluation of C waves in various fundus diseases showed that the C wave reflects the function of the retinal pigment epithelium about equally. maybe sometimes with a higher sensitivity than the electrooculogram [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C Wave Study in Optic Neuritis due to Demyelinating Disease

Moschos

Brοuzas²,

Panagakis³

1990

Ophthalmologica

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The C wave was recorded from 20 eyes suffering from neuritis due to demyelinating disease and in 5 eyes showing optic atrophy due to trauma or to increased intracranial pressure. Our results show that in cases with optic neuritis the C wave amplitude was clearly lower than normal. It is interesting that in the other ‘healthy’, at least clinically, eye the C wave was subnormal too. On the contrary, in the eyes with optic atrophy the C wave was normal. These findings are against the possibility of an efferent neuronal pathway involvement, which influences the level of the retinal pigment epithelium, and support the view of its involvement during the course of the demyelinating disease that causes the optic neuritis.

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C-wave versus electrooculogram in diseases of the retinal pigment epithelium

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Symptomatic abnormalities of dark adaptation in patients with EFEMP1 retinal dystrophy (Malattia Leventinese/Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy)

Symptomatic abnormalities of dark adaptation in patients with EFEMP1 retinal dystrophy (Malattia Leventinese/Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy)

Colour vision testing as an aid to diagnosis and management of age related maculopathy

C Wave Study in Optic Neuritis due to Demyelinating Disease

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