C-Type Lectin Receptor CD23 Is Required for Host Defense against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus Infection

Abstract

Infection by invasive fungi, such as ,, and , is one of the leading death causes for the increasing population of immunocompromised and immunodeficient patients. Several C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), including Dectin-1, -2, and -3 and Mincle can recognize fungal surface components and initiate the host antifungal immune responses. Nevertheless, it remains to be determined whether other CLRs are involved in antifungal immunity. Our recent study suggests that CD23 (CLEC4J), a CLR and also a well-known B cell surface marker, may function to sense components in antifungal immunity. However, it is not clear how CD23 functions as a fungal pattern recognition receptor and whether the antifungal role of CD23 is specific to or not. In this study, we show that CD23 can recognize both α-mannan and β-glucan from the cell wall of or but cannot recognize glucuronoxylomannan from Through forming a complex with FcRγ, CD23 can induce NF-κB activation. Consistently, CD23-deficient mice were highly susceptible to and but not to infection. The expression of CD23 in activated macrophages is critical for the activation of NF-κB. CD23 deficiency results in impaired expression of NF-κB-dependent genes, especially, which induces NO production to suppress fungal infection. Together, our studies reveal the CD23-induced signaling pathways and their roles in antifungal immunity, specifically for and, which provides the molecular basis for designing potential therapeutic agents against fungal infection.

Mannan detecting C-type lectin receptor probes recognise immune epitopes with diverse chemical, spatial and phylogenetic heterogeneity in fungal cell walls

“…These glycosides decorate the cell wall proteins of the outer cell walls and the integral proteins in the cell membrane and may account for more than 80% of the mass of the glycoprotein [18,43,44]. A wide range of mannan-recognising immune receptors are present in myeloid and epithelial cells including the mannose receptor (MR), dectin-2, dectin-3, mincle, DC-SIGN, galectin-3, FcγR, CD14, CD23, TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6 [13,34,37,[45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. The number and diversity of mannan-recognising PRRs underlines their importance in primary immune recognition events.…”

Mannan detecting C-type lectin receptor probes recognise immune epitopes with diverse chemical, spatial and phylogenetic heterogeneity in fungal cell walls

“…These glycosides decorate the cell wall proteins of the outer cell walls and the integral proteins in the cell membrane and may account for more than 80% of the mass of the glycoprotein [18, 43, 44]. A wide range of mannan-recognising immune receptors are present in myeloid and epithelial cells including the mannose receptor (MR), dectin-2, dectin-3, mincle, DC-SIGN, galectin-3, FcγR, CD14, CD23, TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6 [13, 34, 37, 45–54]. The number and diversity of mannan-recognising PRRs underlines their importance in primary immune recognition events.…”

Molecular basis of differential parasitism between non-encapsulated and encapsulatedTrichinellarevealed by a high-quality genome assembly

“…We present the landscape of transcriptomic changes between the two species and suggest aspects of differential immune system that might be associated with differential pathological characteristics. Several sets of E/S proteins that function at the host-parasite interface showed differential expression between the two species (for example, C-type lectins, RNF128, and other parasitic genes like PPT), which may probably be associated with the establishment of enhanced parasite invasion and motility in T. pseudospiralis (Hashimoto et al 2010; Child et al 2013; Guo et al 2018). Our analysis demonstrated that T. pseudospiralis showed enhanced ability of immune evasion through higher expression of secreted C-type lectins and PPT.…”