The fluoro− or chloro−carbyne complexes
trans-[ReX(≡CCH2R)(dppe)2][BF4]
(X = F (1),
R = H (1a), But (1b),
CO2Me (1c), CO2Et
(1d), Ph (1e), or
C6H4Me-4 (1f); X = Cl
(2), R = H
(2a), But (2b),
CO2Me (2c), CO2Et
(2d), Ph (2e), or
C6H4Me-4 (2f); dppe =
Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2) have been prepared by a single-pot reaction, in THF
and under sunlight, of the
appropriate 1-alkyne (HC≡CR) with
trans-[ReCl(N2)(dppe)2]
and [NH4][BF4] in the
presence
or in the absence, respectively, of Tl[BF4].
With the exception of the less acidic tert-butylcarbyne complexes (1b and 2b), these
complexes are deprotonated by [Bu4N]OH
to
give the corresponding vinylidene complexes
trans-[ReX(CCHR)(dppe)2] (X
= F (3) or Cl
(4)) which, by treatment with HBF4, regenerate
the carbyne complexes. This route is more
convenient for the synthesis of the chloro−carbyne complexes
2 from the vinylidenes 4, the
latter being then prepared upon reaction of the dinitrogen complex with
HC≡CR in toluene
under sunlight. The electrochemical behavior of complexes
1−4 has been investigated by
cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential electrolysis in aprotic
media and at a Pt electrode.
These complexes undergo single-electron reversible oxidations at
half-wave oxidation
potentials in the range from 1.39 to 1.48 (1, 2)
and −0.35 to 0.25 (3, 4) V vs SCE. The
corresponding electrochemical P
L and
E
L ligand parameters have been estimated for
the
carbyne (P
L = 0.21−0.24 V,
E
L
ca. 1.2 V vs NHE) and the
vinylidene (P
L = −0.27 to
−0.13
V, E
L = 0.50−0.62 V vs NHE) ligands and
discussed in terms of redox potential−structure
relationships. The former ligands behave as remarkably strong
π-electron acceptors and
undergo cathodically induced C−H bond cleavage to give the
corresponding vinylidenes. Both
the carbyne and the vinylidene ligands are effectively stabilized by
the trans-fluoride ligand,
although it presents, relative to chloride, a slightly stronger
destabilizing effect on the HOMO
in these complexes.