C1−C15Alkyl Nitrates, Benzyl Nitrate, and Bifunctional Nitrates:  Measurements in California and South Atlantic Air and Global Comparison Using C2Cl4and CHBr3as Marker Molecules

Schneider, Manfred; Luxenhofer, Oliver; Deissler, A; Ballschmiter, Karlheinz

doi:10.1021/es980132g

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Previous observations over North America suggest that the summed concentration of small monofunctional nitrates not measured during SOAS is likely also around 20 ppt in the southeastern United States, accounting for the other 50 % (e.g. Schneider et al, 1998;Blake et al, 2003;Russo et al, 2010).…”

Section: Alkyl and Multifunctional Nitratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lifetime of nitrogen oxides in an isoprene-dominated forest

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The lifetime of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) affects the concentration and distribution of NO x and the spatial patterns of nitrogen deposition. Despite its importance, the lifetime of NO x is poorly constrained in rural and remote continental regions. We use measurements from a site in central Alabama during the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS) in summer 2013 to provide new insights into the chemistry of NO x and NO x reservoirs. We find that the lifetime of NO x during the daytime is controlled primarily by the production and loss of alkyl and multifunctional nitrates ( ANs). During SOAS, AN production was rapid, averaging 90 ppt h −1 during the day, and occurred predominantly during isoprene oxidation. Analysis of the AN and HNO 3 budgets indicate that ANs have an average lifetime of under 2 h, and that approximately 45 % of the ANs produced at this site are rapidly hydrolyzed to produce nitric acid. We find that AN hydrolysis is the largest source of HNO 3 and the primary pathway to permanent removal of NO x from the boundary layer in this location. Using these new constraints on the fate of ANs, we find that the NO x lifetime is 11±5 h under typical midday conditions. The lifetime is extended by storage of NO x in temporary reservoirs, including acyl peroxy nitrates and ANs.

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Section: Alkyl and Multifunctional Nitratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lifetime of nitrogen oxides in an isoprene-dominated forest

et al. 2016

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“…Peak C is identified as the (1,2)-IN using the dipole moment calculations and the GC-MS analysis of the purified IN. Specifically, the (2,1)-and the (1,4)-IN can have an α-cleavage that would produce a 76 m/z fragment ( + CH 2 -ONO 2 ), which is typical for primary nitrates (Luxenhofer et al, 1994;Schneider et al, 1998;Fischer et al, 2000). In contrast, the (1,2)-IN cannot produce that fragment, and the GC/MS spectrum for that peak did not yield a fragment at m/z=76.…”

Section: Isoprene Nitrate Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isoprene nitrates: preparation, separation, identification, yields, and atmospheric chemistry

et al. 2010

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Abstract.Isoprene is an important atmospheric volatile organic compound involved in ozone production and NO x (NO+NO 2 ) sequestration and transport. Isoprene reaction with OH in the presence of NO can form either isoprene hydroxy nitrates ("isoprene nitrates") or convert NO to NO 2 which can photolyze to form ozone. While it has been shown that isoprene nitrate production can represent an important sink for NO x in forest impacted environments, there is little experimental knowledge of the relative importance of the individual isoprene nitrate isomers, each of which has a different fate and reactivity. In this work, we have identified the 8 individual isomers and determined their total and individual production yields. The overall yield of isoprene nitrates at atmospheric pressure and 295 K was found to be 0.070(+0.025/−0.015). Three isomers, representing nitrates resulting from OH addition to a terminal carbon, represent 90% of the total IN yield. We also determined the ozone rate constants for three of the isomers, and have calculated their atmospheric lifetimes, which range from ∼1-2 h, making their oxidation products likely more important as atmospheric organic nitrates and sinks for nitrogen.

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“…Specific individual gas phase RONO 2 molecules have been observed using gas chromatography (e.g. (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)) and chemical ionization mass spectrometry (7)(8)(9), and the total of gas and aerosol RONO 2 (total Alkyl Nitrates, ΣAN) has been observed by Thermal Dissociation Laser Induced Fluorescence (TD-LIF) (1,(10)(11)(12). Recently there has been growing interest in understanding the partitioning of RONO 2 to atmospheric particles (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real Time In Situ Detection of Organic Nitrates in Atmospheric Aerosols

Rollins

Smith

Wilson

et al. 2010

Environ. Sci. Technol.

103

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A novel instrument is described that quantifies total particle phase organic nitrates in real time with a detection limit of 0.11 µg m −3 min −1 , 45 ppt min −1 (-ONO 2 ). Aerosol nitrates are separated from gas phase nitrates with a short residence time activated carbon denuder.Detection of organic molecules containing -ONO 2 subunits is accomplished using thermal dissociation coupled to laser induced fluorescence detection of NO 2 . This instrument is capable of high time resolution (seconds) measurements of particle phase organic nitrates, without interference from inorganic nitrate. Here we use it to quantify organic nitrates in secondary organic aerosol generated from high-NO x photooxidation of limonene, α-pinene, ∆-3-carene, and tridecane. In these experiments the organic nitrate moiety is observed to be 6-15% of the total SOA mass.

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C₁−C₁₅Alkyl Nitrates, Benzyl Nitrate, and Bifunctional Nitrates: Measurements in California and South Atlantic Air and Global Comparison Using C₂Cl₄and CHBr₃as Marker Molecules

Cited by 39 publications

References 37 publications

The lifetime of nitrogen oxides in an isoprene-dominated forest

The lifetime of nitrogen oxides in an isoprene-dominated forest

Isoprene nitrates: preparation, separation, identification, yields, and atmospheric chemistry

Real Time In Situ Detection of Organic Nitrates in Atmospheric Aerosols

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