C-RAN Availability Improvement Using Parallel Hybrid FSO/mmW 5G Fronthaul Network

Hasabelnaby, Mahmoud A.; Selmy, Hossam A. I.; Dessouky, Moawad I.

doi:10.1109/jec-ecc.2018.8679573

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, at visibility V<0.55km, the network falls down gradually, and the network availability is 0% at V<0.24km. Moreover, light rain network availability is 100% for the hybrid network, but it decreases with increment in rain [5]. So, the FSO/mm Wave hybrid network is not reliable for ensuring uninterrupted communication with continuous throughput [5].…”

Section: Background Of the Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Of the Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Free space optics (FSO) can be a candidate for hybrid communication in 5G [5]. The technology is suitable in mega cities where there are many high-raise buildings, and it saves www.ijacsa.thesai.org infrastructure cost of optical fiber [5]. In [5], a hybrid network of wireless mobile and free space optics has been proposed and the network will connect with a cloud RAN.…”

Section: Background Of the Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technology is suitable in mega cities where there are many high-raise buildings, and it saves www.ijacsa.thesai.org infrastructure cost of optical fiber [5]. In [5], a hybrid network of wireless mobile and free space optics has been proposed and the network will connect with a cloud RAN. The significant drawbacks of the hybrid model are that both communications depend on the weather.…”

Section: Background Of the Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, light rain network availability is 100% for the hybrid network, but it decreases with increment in rain [5]. So, the FSO/mm Wave hybrid network is not reliable for ensuring uninterrupted communication with continuous throughput [5]. Channel estimation of the FSO/mmWave hybrid network has been shown in [6].…”

Section: Background Of the Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Modelling a Hybrid Wireless/Broadband over Power Line (BPL) Communication in 5G

Ullah¹,

Azazur²,

Humayun³

et al. 2020

IJACSA

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5G will explore wireless communication dynamically, which will provide high-speed internet with low latency. So, real-time communication will be possible, and a vast number of devices will connect from different points. 5G has introduced five enabling technologies. Millimeter wave and small cell are two of them. Small cell connects the user devices by using the millimeter wave. As the frequency range has limitations of distance and high attenuation, it should be reliable for uninterrupted communication. To ensure the uninterrupted communication, hybrid communication network can be a significant solution. In this research, hybrid wireless and Broadband over Power Line (BPL) communication model has been proposed, and the model integrates both technologies in the small cell end. A simulation of BPL and theoretical analysis of wireless communication have also been shown in this paper. From those analysis, the total throughput of the hybrid model has been calculated. Broadband over Power Line is chosen as well as wireless communication in this model because of its infrastructure availability both in city and rural areas, costeffectiveness and quick installation process. Moreover, the hybrid network will increase the throughput volume, and both communications will act as a backup in an emergency.

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Section: Background Of the Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Of the Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Of the Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Of the Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Of the Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Modelling a Hybrid Wireless/Broadband over Power Line (BPL) Communication in 5G

Ullah¹,

Azazur²,

Humayun³

et al. 2020

IJACSA

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Nonlinear Forwarding Strategy for Firefly Ultra Dense Networks With mmWave Fronthaul Links

et al. 2021

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We consider the uplink of firefly ultra dense networks which combine the promising features of ultra dense deployment and centralized processing. In these networks, a large number of remote radio units which we denote as firefly nodes (FNs) are spatially distributed over an area. The mobile devices (MDs) in the coverage area are simultaneously connected via sub-6 GHz radio frequency links to all FNs. Unlike the cloud radio access network (C-RAN) architecture, in firefly ultra dense networks, the FNs forward the MDs' data through multi-hop millimeter-wave (mmWave) links to one or multiple root nodes since the coverage radius of each mmWave link is limited. These root nodes then forward the data via optical fiber links further to a central unit (CU), where the MDs' signals are decoded. The amount of data that is received at each FN is potentially huge, and hence, efficient signal processing is needed at each FN before the received signals can be forwarded to other FNs. Therefore, we propose a nonlinear processing strategy, which quantizes the received signals at each FN. In particular, we formulate an optimization problem for a local design strategy for the nonlinear forwarding at the FNs, and present an optimal solution by exploiting strong duality and using the Lagrangian method to convert the optimization problem into an unconstrained problem via its dual formulation. A closed-form solution for the primal variables and a bisection algorithm for finding the optimal dual variables are presented. Moreover, based on the cut-set bound, we develop an upper bound on the achievable sum rate of the considered firefly network. The proposed nonlinear forwarding strategy is shown to outperform a benchmark linear forwarding strategy and to approach the performance upper bound in relevant transmit power regimes at the expense of a higher computational complexity. Our results reveal that having more root nodes in the topology improves the performance of linear and nonlinear forwarding but requires additional optical fiber links to the CU.INDEX TERMS Cloud radio access network (C-RAN), millimeter wave (mmWave), multi-hop system, nonlinear forwarding, ultra dense network (UDN).

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