C–Ni amorphous multilayers studied by atomic force microscopy

Roughness determines many functional properties of surfaces, such as adhesion, friction, and (thermal and electrical) contact conductance. Recent analytical models and simulations enable quantitative prediction of these properties from knowledge of the power spectral density (PSD) of the surface topography. The utility of the PSD is that it contains statistical information that is unbiased by the particular scan size and pixel resolution chosen by the researcher. In this article, we first review the mathematical definition of the PSD, including the one-and two-dimensional cases, and common variations of each. We then discuss strategies for reconstructing an accurate PSD of a surface using topography measurements at different size scales. Finally, we discuss detecting and mitigating artifacts at the smallest scales, and computing upper/lower bounds on functional properties obtained from models. We accompany our discussion with virtual measurements on computer-generated surfaces. This discussion summarizes how to analyze topography measurements to reconstruct a reliable PSD. Analytical models demonstrate the potential for tuning functional properties by rationally tailoring surface topography -however, this potential can only be achieved through the accurate, quantitative reconstruction of the power spectral density of real-world surfaces.

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“…Even the units of the reported PSD vary from m 2 (Refs. [34,35]) to m 3 (Ref. [36][37][38]) to m 4 (Refs.…”

Section: Challenge A: Variations In the Mathematical Definition Of Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative characterization of surface topography using spectral analysis

Jacobs

Junge

Pastewka

2017

Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop.

360

376

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“…Due to the fact that the observed AFM images are a convolution of the finite size of the tip and sample topography, care has to be taken to not misinterpret the measurements [7]. The same AFM tip was involved in the images obtained in the Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of 2‐D nanostructures via metal deposition through a colloidal mask: comparison between thermal evaporation and RF magnetron sputtering

Ulmeanu

Filipescu

Medianu

2008

Phys. Status Solidi (c)

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“…The main decrease in the band intensities can be associated with the loss of the urethane structure during UV-irradiation. It is well known that in the PU structures oxygen attacks at CH 2 groups in the aliphatic diol part, with hydro-peroxides formation [22]. The hydro-peroxides decompose relatively fast and form carbonyl, as was evidenced by IR.…”

Section: Spectroscopic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 88%