C, N, P and S in Rivers: From Sources to Global Inputs

Meybeck, Michel

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76064-8_6

Cited by 148 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Such an anomaly in the dissolved vs. particulate river material relationship has also been observed for the organic carbon (Meybeck, 1993). This observation is attributed to high physical erosion rates from the loess regions within the catchment.…”

Section: Relations Between Dissolved and Particulate Silica Exports Asupporting

confidence: 59%

Global spatial distribution of natural riverine silica inputs to the coastal zone

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Silica, SiO 2 , in dissolved (DSi) and particulate (PSi) form, is both a major product of continental weathering as well as an essential nutrient in terrestrial and aquatic systems. Here we present estimates of the spatial distribution of riverine silica fluxes under natural conditions, i.e. without human influence, to ∼140 segments of the global coastal zone. Focussing on the construction of the DSi budget, natural DSi concentration is multiplied with discharge of rivers for each segment for documented basins and segments. Segments with no documentation available are estimated using clustered information based mainly on considerations of local lithology, climate, and lake retention. We approximate fluxes of particulate silica in various forms (PSi) from fluxes of suspended matter, calculated from existing models. Results have been established for silica fluxes, concentrations and yields for drainage basins of the different continents, oceans basins as well as coastal segment basins. For the continental surfaces actually draining into the oceans (exorheic regions, representing 114.7 million (M) km 2 ), 371 M t y −1 of DSi and 8835 M t y −1 of PSi are transported, corresponding to a mean concentration of 9.5 mg l −1 and 226 mg l −1 , and to a mean yield of 3.3 t km −2 y −1 and 77 t km −2 y −1 , respectively. DSi yields exceeding 6.6 t km −2 y −1 , i.e. >2× the global average, represent 17.4% of the global continental icefree exorheic area but correspond to 56.0% of DSi fluxes. Pacific catchments hold most of the hyper-active areas (>5× global average), suggesting a close connection between tecCorrespondence to: H. H. Dürr (h.durr@geo.uu.nl) tonic activity and DSi fluxes resulting from silicate weathering. The macro-filters of regional and marginal seas intercept 33% and 46% of the total dissolved and particulate silica fluxes. The mass of DSi received from rivers per unit square area of various oceans ranges over more than one order of magnitude. When expressed per unit volume and when individual regional seas are considered this figure ranges over two to three orders of magnitude, an illustration of the heterogeneity of the land to sea connection.

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Section: Relations Between Dissolved and Particulate Silica Exports Asupporting

confidence: 59%

Global spatial distribution of natural riverine silica inputs to the coastal zone

et al. 2011

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“…A useful approach is to evaluate the model results in the context of the global FOC transport budget. The transport of FOC from continental surfaces toward the world's oceans can be expressed as: [13]where …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, [10], [11] and [12]). Only two studies propose an annual estimate of FOC delivery to the world's oceans, one describing delivery by world river basins (80 10 6 t yr − 1 , [13]) and the other by small mountainous rivers (40 10 6 t yr − 1 , [14], Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storage and release of fossil organic carbon related to weathering of sedimentary rocks

Copard

Amiotte‐Suchet

Di-Giovanni

2007

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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To cite this version:Yoann Copard, P. Amiotte Suchet, Christian Di-Giovanni. Storage and release of fossil organic carbon related to weathering of sedimentary rocks. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier, 2007, 258 (1-2) AbstractThe biogeochemical carbon cycle, which plays an undeniable role in global climate change, is defined both by the size of carbon reservoirs (such as the atmosphere, biomass, soil and bedrock) and the exchange between them of various mineral and organic carbon forms. Among these carbon forms, fossil organic carbon (FOC) (i.e., the ancient organic matter stored in sedimentary rocks) is widely observed in modern environments but is not included in the supergene carbon budget. Using a digitized map of the world and an existing model of CO 2 consumption associated with rock weathering, we establish the global distribution of FOC stored in the first meter of sedimentary rocks and a first estimation of annual FOC delivery to the modern environment resulting from chemical weathering of these rocks. Results are given for the world's 40 major river basins and extended to the entire continental surface. With a mean value of 1100 10 9 t, mainly controlled by shale distribution, the global FOC stock is significant and comparable to that of soil organic carbon (1500 10 9 t). The annual chemical delivery of FOC, estimated at 43 10 6 t yr − 1 and controlled by the areal distribution of shales and runoff, is of the same order of magnitude as the FOC output flux to oceans. Chemical weathering of bedrock within the Amazon basin produces one-quarter of the total global flux of FOC derived from chemical weathering, and thus is expected to govern FOC release on a global scale. These results raise important questions concerning the role of FOC in the modern carbon cycle as well as the origin and the budget of carbon in soils and rivers.

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“…However at the global scale, shales and carbonates chemical weathering release between 0.04 and 0.09 Gt/yr of FOC (Di-Giovanni et al, 2002;Copard et al, 2007) and 0.04 to 0.08 Gt of FOC has been argued to be delivered to the world's oceans by rivers (Meybeck, 1993(Meybeck, , 2005Blair et al, 2003Blair et al, , 2004. These fluxes are the same order of magnitude as rivers global particular organic carbon load, estimated between 0.09 and 0.3 GtC/yr (Berner, 1992;Ludwig et al, 1996;Stallard, 1998), thus suggesting that FOC should be taken into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative palynofacies analysis as a new tool to study transfers of fossil organic matter in recent terrestrial environments

Graz

Di-Giovanni

Copard

et al. 2010

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Abstract:Classical palynofacies method, which consists of an organic concentrate microscopic qualitative observation after mineral phase dissolution, is commonly used in order to study sedimentary organic matter. In the present study we develop a new quantitative palynofacies method that allows organic particles mass concentrations to be determined in studied samples. This method was developed to help quantify the input of fossil Quantitative palynofacies analysis is a new method adapted to such study, but can also be applied to other palynological, paleoenvironmental or archeological studies.

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C, N, P and S in Rivers: From Sources to Global Inputs

Cited by 148 publications

References 30 publications

Global spatial distribution of natural riverine silica inputs to the coastal zone

Global spatial distribution of natural riverine silica inputs to the coastal zone

Storage and release of fossil organic carbon related to weathering of sedimentary rocks

Quantitative palynofacies analysis as a new tool to study transfers of fossil organic matter in recent terrestrial environments

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