C-Gait for Detecting Freezing of Gait in the Early to Middle Stages of Parkinson’s Disease: A Model Prediction Study

Chen, Zi-Yan; Yan, None Hongjiao; Lin, Qi; Zhen, Qiao-Xia; Liu, Cui; Wang, Ping; Liu, Yonghong; Wang, Ruidan; Liu, Yanjun; Fang, Jinping; Su, Yuan; Yan, Xiaoyan; Liu, Aixian; Xi, Jianing; Fang, Boyan

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.621977

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This innovative test allows for recording data during different AVR applications to detect specific gait dysfunction. The C-Gait allows to distinguish between people with FOG and those without, outperforming traditional walking tests, being obstacle avoidance and speed of adaptation items suggestive of FOG with high sensitivity ( 67 ). C-Gait assessment will be performed at T1 e T2 in both the control and experimental groups to assess whether performances on gait adaptability are superior in the experimental group and whether this gap is maintained at 3-month follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the effects of augmented virtual reality treadmill training versus conventional treadmill training in patients with stage II-III Parkinson’s disease: the VIRTREAD-PD randomized controlled trial protocol

Lombardi,

Baccini,

Gualerzi

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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BackgroundIntensive treadmill training (TT) has been documented to improve gait parameters and functional independence in Parkinson’s Disease (PD), but the optimal intervention protocol and the criteria for tailoring the intervention to patients’ performances are lacking. TT may be integrated with augmented virtual reality (AVR), however, evidence of the effectiveness of this combined treatment is still limited. Moreover, prognostic biomarkers of rehabilitation, potentially useful to customize the treatment, are currently missing. The primary aim of this study is to compare the effects on gait performances of TT + AVR versus TT alone in II-III stage PD patients with gait disturbance. Secondary aims are to assess the effects on balance, gait parameters and other motor and non-motor symptoms, and patient’s satisfaction and adherence to the treatment. As an exploratory aim, the study attempts to identify biomarkers of neuroplasticity detecting changes in Neurofilament Light Chain concentration T0-T1 and to identify prognostic biomarkers associated to blood-derived Extracellular Vesicles.MethodsSingle-center, randomized controlled single-blind trial comparing TT + AVR vs. TT in II-III stage PD patients with gait disturbances. Assessment will be performed at baseline (T0), end of training (T1), 3 (T2) and 6 months (T3, phone interview) from T1. The primary outcome is difference in gait performance assessed with the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment gait scale at T1. Secondary outcomes are differences in gait performance at T2, in balance and spatial–temporal gait parameters at T1 and T2, patients’ satisfaction and adherence. Changes in falls, functional mobility, functional autonomy, cognition, mood, and quality of life will be also assessed at different timepoints. The G*Power software was used to estimate a sample size of 20 subjects per group (power 0.95, α < 0.05), raised to 24 per group to compensate for potential drop-outs. Both interventions will be customized and progressive, based on the participant’s performance, according to a predefined protocol.ConclusionThis study will provide data on the possible superiority of AVR-associated TT over conventional TT in improving gait and other motor and non-motor symptoms in persons with PD and gait disturbances. Results of the exploratory analysis could add information in the field of biomarker research in PD rehabilitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the effects of augmented virtual reality treadmill training versus conventional treadmill training in patients with stage II-III Parkinson’s disease: the VIRTREAD-PD randomized controlled trial protocol

Lombardi,

Baccini,

Gualerzi

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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“…Two studies have compared groups with well-established balance and mobility differences from which we can draw some insight. Chen et al [ 29 ] compared people with Parkinson’s disease with and without freezing on the various subscales of the C-Gait and found differences with effect sizes (Cohen’s d ) ranging from 0.43–0.92, with an average of 0.64. Timmermans et al [ 20 ] compared the composite C-Gait scores between healthy adults (young and middle aged), healthy older adults, and older adults with balance and gait deficits.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A registered report of a crossover study on the effects of face masks on walking adaptability in people with Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis

2023

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Background Face masks protrude into the lower visual field causing reduced perception of visual stimuli, potentially making obstacle avoidance during walking more difficult and increasing fall risk. Recommendations on walking and mask wearing for older adults have been debated, with no clear consensus on the various factors interacting and influencing walking safety while wearing a face mask. It is particularly important to address this issue in populations at an increased risk of falls. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of mask-wearing on objectively measured walking adaptability in people with Parkinson’s disease and Multiple Sclerosis. Methods 50 patients with either Parkinson’s disease or Multiple Sclerosis attending inpatient neurorehabilitation will be recruited to participate in this crossover study. Performance during a standardized gait adaptability (C-Gait) test on a VR-based treadmill (C-Mill+VR), as well as during clinical mobility tests (10-meter walk test, Timed Up & Go test, and stair ambulation) will be measured with and without an FFP2- mask (order randomized). In addition, participants will be asked about their perceived performance and perceived safety during the tests with and without a mask. Performance on the seven C-Gait subtests is based on centre of pressure-derived measures of foot placement in relation to the different tasks. These are averaged and added to a cognitive C-Gait task to give the overall composite score (primary outcome). Secondary outcomes will include the different subscores and clinical mobility tests. Potential significance This study will make an important contribution to an ongoing debate regarding recommendations persons with and without a neurological disease should be given regarding wearing a face mask while walking. Furthermore, the study will complement the existing scientific discourse with clinical data from people with a neurological disease for whom falls, mobility deficits and mask wearing may be more frequent, which can help inform evidence-based recommendations. Trial registration German clinical trial register: DRKS00030207.

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“…These technologies can be extended to detection and intervention on FoG episodes 89 . In 2021, Chen et al 90 studied the effects of a week training with VR device. Participants performed walking test-based on a virtual path made up of visual obstacles using C-Mill, a treadmill equipped with a screen and a belt that acted as a projector.…”

Section: Virtual Reality Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technological support for people with Parkinson’s disease: a narrative review

Libero

Langiano

Carissimo

et al. 2022

JGG

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C-Gait for Detecting Freezing of Gait in the Early to Middle Stages of Parkinson’s Disease: A Model Prediction Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Comparing the effects of augmented virtual reality treadmill training versus conventional treadmill training in patients with stage II-III Parkinson’s disease: the VIRTREAD-PD randomized controlled trial protocol

Comparing the effects of augmented virtual reality treadmill training versus conventional treadmill training in patients with stage II-III Parkinson’s disease: the VIRTREAD-PD randomized controlled trial protocol

A registered report of a crossover study on the effects of face masks on walking adaptability in people with Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis

Technological support for people with Parkinson’s disease: a narrative review

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