Butyrylcholinesterase and obesity in individuals with the CHE2 C5+ and CHE2 C5− phenotypes

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities (total and band specific) and body mass index (BMI) in obese and nonobese individuals, considering other variables (anthropometric, biochemical and hormonal) and the leanness process. SUBJECTS: Obese (BMIZ30 kg/m 2 ; N ¼ 181) and nonobese individuals (N ¼ 265), classified according to the CHE2 locus phenotypes, with the obese patients being followed-up when submitted to a weight-loss program. MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometric (weight, height, BMI, waist, waist/hip ratioFWHR, triceps and subscapular skinfolds, percentage of body fat and arterial pressures), hormonal (insulin, estradiolFE 2 , triiodothyronineFT 3 and thyroxineFT 4 ) and biochemical (glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C, triglycerides, uric acid, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium and BChE activities) variables. RESULTS: Although obese CHE2 C5À individuals presented higher mean BChE activities than their CHE2 C5À controls and diminished mean activities with leanness, similar comparisons did not show any difference in the CHE2 C5 þ group. Furthermore, the mean serum potassium values of obese individuals were significantly higher in the CHE2 C5 þ than in the CHE2 C5À phenotype. The BChE activities were less related to BMI in obese CHE2 C5À individuals than in their controls. In the CHE2 C5À obese group, significant regression coefficients were found between BChE activity variables and BMI ( þ ), ethnic origin (higher in Euro-Brazilians), sex (higher in males), diastolic pressure (À), triceps skinfold ( þ ), total cholesterol ( þ ), T 3 ( þ ) and E 2 (À). The main findings in the CHE2 C5 þ obese group: mean insulin levels decreased with leanness and a significant correlation was detected between the C 5 complex activity and creatinine ( þ ), insulin (À) and WHR (À); a significantly higher frequency of weight loss occurred compared to the CHE2 C5À group. CONCLUSION: In the present study, different relations between obesity and some of the studied variables were found when CHE2 C5 þ and CHE2 C5À individuals were compared.

Butyrylcholinesterase and diabetes mellitus in the CHE2 C5- and CHE2 C5+ phenotypes

“…Considering that obese CHE2 C5-subjects display similar metabolic alterations to CHE2 C5-DM2 subjects, the present data are in accordance with the studies that show higher mean values for BChEA, AC 4/5 and AC OF in obese subjects, when compared to a non-obese sample of the general population of Curitiba (4,32,34).…”

“…Positive correlations of BMI (4,34) and MS (13) with BChEA, AC 4/5 and AC OF have also been reported.…”

“…Previous studies (4,32) have shown the influence of CHE2 locus in BChEA. This study has taken this inquiry to the next level of isolating influencing factors by separately analyzing the CHE2 C5-and CHE2 C5+ phenotypes in both diabetic and in non-diabetic controls.…”

“…However, the DM2 subjects presented higher values for a majority of the analyzed variables, except for height, HDL-C and AC OF . The pairing procedure was used because males and older individuals presented higher mean values for BChEA (4,7,9,33,34), AC 4/5 (4,34) and AC OF (4), when compared to females and younger individuals with CHE2 C5-phenotype.…”

“…The physiological function of BChE is still unknown, but positive correlations were found between BChEA and diabetes mellitus (DM) (6,7); triglycerides (TG) (7)(8)(9); total cholesterol (TC) (7,10); apolipoprotein B (ApoB) (7,9); adult body weight (2,11) and BMI (3,4). In light of some of these correlations, Kutty and cols.…”